Titlebook: Charles De Gaulle and the Media; Leadership, TV and t Riccardo Brizzi Book 2018 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2018 Charle

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Leadership and Television: The General and Constitutional Development During the Fifth Republic,politics, is the focus of this chapter. The 1958 Constitution ambiguously put the executive under the rule of both the Prime Minister and the Head of State. However, between 1958 and 1962 the presidentalisation of the French system developed and flourished due to three main factors: the state of eme

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,Gaullist “Telecracy” (1962–65),on of the direct election of the Head of State. The opposition to this reform from all political parties focused on the democratic risks that resulted from forging a close connection between the personalisation of the institution of the presidency and the intensive use that the Head of State made of

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,The 1965 “Tele-presidential” Elections,ge. This was an innovative campaign characterised by the way in which television encouraged the growing personalisation of and the uses of spectacle in French politics. In this election opposition candidates were for the first time allowed to appear on television; some of them accordingly hired expe

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De Gaulle, Pompidou and May 1968,t broadcasted in France but were based abroad—became crucial to the flow of information about internal events in France at a time in which strikes affected the coverage of these events in mainstream television, radio and the press. During the protests, in particular during early May, the government