Titlebook: Database Issues in Geographic Information Systems; Nabil R. Adam,Aryya Gangopadhyay Book 1997 Springer Science+Business Media New York 199

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Ghazi M. Rayan,Joseph Upton III models can be further subdivided into fixed and variable spatial resolution models [Laurini and Thompson, 1992]. Fixed spatial resolution models use a geographic data structure called a ., which consists of polygonal units of equal size. These units are used to describe geographical features. Varia

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Hideaki Senzaki,Satoshi Yasukochi designing spatial indexes. For example, kD-trees [Bentley, 1975a, Bentley and Fridman, 1979] and its variations have been derived from binary trees, R-trees [Guttman, 1984] and its descendants have their roots in the B-trees, and Grid files [Hinrichs, 1985] and their extensions use hashing function

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-77292-9e database. Assuming that a query is expressed in high-level language, the access plan for retrieving the data items required by the query are not specified in it. Furthermore, there are multiple ways of accessing data items that have a varying degree of execution costs. The cost of these data acces

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GIS Applications,objects are property parcels and electoral districts (for land resource management), plant locations (for utilities), point locations of distribution channels (for market analysis), and city landmarks (for car navigation systems).

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Representation and Manipulation of Spatial Data, models can be further subdivided into fixed and variable spatial resolution models [Laurini and Thompson, 1992]. Fixed spatial resolution models use a geographic data structure called a ., which consists of polygonal units of equal size. These units are used to describe geographical features. Varia

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Efficient Access to Spatial Data, designing spatial indexes. For example, kD-trees [Bentley, 1975a, Bentley and Fridman, 1979] and its variations have been derived from binary trees, R-trees [Guttman, 1984] and its descendants have their roots in the B-trees, and Grid files [Hinrichs, 1985] and their extensions use hashing function

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Introduction,ute) data required for geographic applications. Examples of spatial data are digital maps, administrative boundaries, and road networks, and those of non-spatial data are census counts, land elevations and soil characteristics.