Titlebook: Campaign Strategy in Direct Democracy; Laurent Bernhard Book 2012 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited 2012 camp

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Theoretical Framework, introduce the major concepts of strategic choices. Strategic action is a variant of instrumental action that includes the actors’ calculation of success with regard to the expectations about the decisions of at least one other goal-oriented actor (Habermas 1981: 127). According to Jenkins (1981: 35

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Coalition Formation,democracy. To my knowledge, Manweller (2005), Bowler & Hanneman (2006) and Kriesi (2005, 2006) are the only studies which explicitly address this issue. Given the importance of coalitions in direct-democratic campaigns, more needs to be known about this phenomenon. In this chapter, I will take a clo

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Message Development,political campaigning. In order to get people to agree with the campaigners’ points of view, messages are the central strategic rationale (Faucheux 1993). Therefore, it is no coincidence that they are considered by both campaign professionals and academics to be the essential element of campaigning

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Message Delivery,itizens. Indeed, finding the right message is not entirely necessary in order to achieve the campaign objectives. Most obviously, voters will not be influenced by messages they have never heard. This chapter considers aspects of ‘message delivery’, the third major element of campaigning. In the foll

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Conclusion,cieties. Today, citizens are increasingly disillusioned with politics. More specifically, Putnam et al. (2000) raise concerns about the erosion of popular confidence in the performance of representative institutions. According to Pitkin (2004: 335) government has become a new form of oligarchy that

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Sebastian Jessberger,Jack M. Parentthe particular problem definitions, recommendations, and causal interpretations for the conflict at stake. In addition, political actors mobilize the citizens in order to gain support for their own favoured policy option. Given that citizens’ preferences are incomplete and sometimes incoherent, memb

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