Titlebook: Breast Cancer; Innovations in Resea Umberto Veronesi,Aron Goldhirsch,Maria Cristina Le Textbook 2017 Springer International Publishing AG 2

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https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137577917a not only supports the development of metastases but may also prime metastases for specific organs. Here, we highlight the importance of the tumor microenvironment and discuss the mechanisms by which stromal cells within breast carcinomas cooperate in the multistep metastatic process.

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針葉類的樹

Fundamental Pathways in Breast Cancer 1: Signaling from the Membraneprogression. This chapter focuses on the two major classes of cell surface receptors and their signaling cascades, namely, the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which are most often deregulated in BC.

Introduction

Fundamental Pathways in Breast Cancer 2: Maintenance of Genomic Stabilitynt mechanisms of DNA repair and how these processes relate to the development of breast cancer. Since breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, we will explore the role of genomic instability in each subtype of breast cancer, as defined by advanced genomic and expression profiling studies.

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Fundamental Pathways in Breast Cancer 3: Estrogen Biology stratification while serving as the main target for systemic adjuvant chemotherapy. In this chapter I will discuss the molecular mechanisms of ERα activation focusing on integrative analysis that have recently exposed the intimate link between ERα and chromatin structure.

Cleave

Breast Cancer Microenvironment and the Metastatic Processa not only supports the development of metastases but may also prime metastases for specific organs. Here, we highlight the importance of the tumor microenvironment and discuss the mechanisms by which stromal cells within breast carcinomas cooperate in the multistep metastatic process.

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Pathology After Neoadjuvant Treatmentsy, the communication between pathologists, surgeons, and radiologists has greatly improved and, combined with innovations in preoperative localization, has greatly improved the precision of pathologic evaluation.

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Textbook 2017s management. Current and emerging perspectives on genetics, biology, and prevention are first discussed in depth, and individual sections are then devoted to pathology, imaging, oncological surgery, plastic and reconstructive surgery, medical oncology, and radiotherapy. In each case the focus is on

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Moving Toward a Knowledge-Based Economy,, genes with minimal variation within a tumor sample, but maximal variation between different patients) expression profile. These studies were originally based on genome-wide gene expression profiling from microarray datasets and progressed to a PCR-based test with a list of 50 genes (the PAM50 gene signature) [3, 4] (Fig. 12.1).

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Theories, Frameworks and Debates,y tumor still represents an essential guide for oncologists and surgeons to inform the choice of the best treatment options available for individual patients. Therefore, the management of patients with breast cancer detected through imaging or symptomatic presentation depends heavily on the quality of the pathology service.