Titlebook: Avian Migration; Peter Berthold,Eberhard Gwinner,Edith Sonnenschein Conference proceedings 2003 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2003 Ori

竊喜

S. Satheeshkumar,S. Venkateswaran,R. Sureshchanisms (Wingfield and Jacobs 1999; Jacobs and Wingfield 2000). Superimposed on the predictable life cycle are unpredictable, and potentially stressful, events that have a completely separate repertoire of physiological and behavioral traits, each with its own characteristic controls (Wingfield et

噴出

激怒

GLUT

Groundwater and Subsurface Remediation1980; Ebbinge et al. 1982; Davidson and Evans 1988; Sandberg and Moore 1996). The residual stores potentially enable a rapid initiation of egglaying, thereby shortening the breeding season. In 1980, Drent and Daan wrote a classic paper in which they introduced the concepts of “capital” and “income”

開始沒有

審問,審訊

integral

An Evaluation of Living with Flood Policy,ass of food requirements for trochilid species derive from nectar. This level of dependence on a single food type places intense fitness pressure on the individual to locate reliable sources for this item sufficient for survival and/or reproduction throughout the annual cycle. An additional, complic

Largess

S. Benabdallah,H. Mairech,F. M. Hummelation was entirely determined by the environment. For instance, the activity of caged birds deprived of environmental cues during the migratory season, the migration of young birds without experience and without the guidance of their parents (e.g. cuckoos) and the departure from the breeding grounds

glans-penis

圓柱

Suraj Kumar Mallick,Somnath Rudrasage between locations each with sufficient resources to support breeding and nonbreeding activities (Gauthreaux 1982; Berthold 1996; Dingle 1996). Helpful as these definitions have been in aiding our understanding of this dramatic process, they are incomplete because of their generality. Migration