Titlebook: Atoms and Light: Interactions; John N. Dodd Book 1991 Springer Science+Business Media New York 1991 Albert Einstein.atom.atoms.coherence.d

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本能

The Oscillating Charge,m. We shall consider that the system moves under a linear elastic restoring force,. such that, under free undamped oscillation, the system would vibrate with a natural frequency ... The dissipation force is usually taken to be proportional to the velocity, F. = ?mγ?, where γ is the damping constant.

ensemble

Scattering of Radiation From a Charge Driven By an Electromagnetic Field,ll therefore radiate. This is seen as radiation scattered by the particle from the incident field. It is the purpose of this chapter to obtain expressions for the cross section of scattering. In order to particularize, the charge will be taken as that of the electron, .

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Intensity, Energy Density, the Poynting Vector, and Their Spectral Distributions,4.12), for example, we introduced the intensity . = .../... appropriate to a plane monochromatic wave; it is the power flux through unit area placed perpendicular to the propagation direction of the wave. (This quantity is more properly called the ., but we shall use here the more common description

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The Quantum Structure of the Atom,found that, when the classical description is compared with observations from experiment, it becomes necessary to introduce certain quantum rules. We must now turn to the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and an electron . in an atom (or molecule or condensed matter). Presumably the same

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GRACE

The Semiclassical Treatment of Stimulated Absorption and Emission,e discussion is restricted to two levels of the atom, a lower state |.? and an upper state |.?, which are both regarded as nondegenerated; in the end the results can be expanded to the case of degenerate levels by summation over substates and by the inclusion of statistical weights.

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廢止

The General Optical Transition,ground state │.〉 of energy .. = ... The transition frequency is .. ? .. = ... Strictly speaking, of course, at least one of the two levels must comprise a number of sublevels or Zeeman levels. In the simplest of all transitions, for example, that between a . = 0 state and a . = 1 state, the latter h