標題: Titlebook: Responses of Northern U.S. Forests to Environmental Change; Robert A. Mickler,Richard A. Birdsey,John Hom Book 2000 Springer Science+Busin [打印本頁] 作者: Precise 時間: 2025-3-21 16:23
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作者: 真繁榮 時間: 2025-3-21 23:42
Forest Responses to Changing Climate: Lessons from the Past and Uncertainty for the Futuree change, it is reasonable to expect that future climate change will affect forest composition and distribution. For reasons both ecological and economic, it is desirable to understand and be able to predict the extent and nature of the changes that might be expected in northern forests in response to climate warming.作者: 休息 時間: 2025-3-22 02:16 作者: cutlery 時間: 2025-3-22 07:30 作者: Polydipsia 時間: 2025-3-22 11:25 作者: Seizure 時間: 2025-3-22 14:58 作者: 漫不經心 時間: 2025-3-22 19:26
Forest Resources and Conditionsrests face a range of biotic and abiotic Stressors, not the least of which may be environmental change. This chapter reviews the compositional traits of presettlement forests and traces the major land use patterns that led to the development of contemporary forested ecosystems. Human impacts have do作者: Mortar 時間: 2025-3-22 21:24
Geologic and Edaphic Factors Influencing Susceptibility of Forest Soils to Environmental Change. The interplay of many factors accounts for the mosaic of ecological regimes across the region. In particular, climate, physiography, geology, and soils influence dominance and distribution of vegetation communities across the region. This chapter provides a review of the ecology of the northern fo作者: 獨特性 時間: 2025-3-23 02:14
Climate and Atmospheric Deposition Patterns and Trendsificant role in governing the natural processes that occur in these ecosystems. The current characteristics of the vast number of ecosystems that cover the northeast and north central United States are, in part, the result of climate, weather, disturbance, and atmospheric pollution patterns that exi作者: 最高點 時間: 2025-3-23 08:09
Forest Declines in Response to Environmental Changeed significantly in response to the climate, air chemistry, and other changes documented in the northeastern United States over the past century, and particularly the last two decades. No other forest response to environmental change and stress is expected to be as dramatic. Decline diseases occur i作者: fabricate 時間: 2025-3-23 10:53
Interacting Effects of Multiple Stresses on Growth and Physiological Processes in Northern Forest Trge (IPCC) of the United Nations concluded that “the balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate,” and that “further accumulation of greenhouse gases will commit the earth irreversibly to global climate change with its consequent ecological, economic, and social disru作者: 勤勉 時間: 2025-3-23 15:48 作者: 憤怒歷史 時間: 2025-3-23 19:05
Tree Health and Physiology in a Changing Environment) and explains much about how mature trees function through their unique structure. When the tree begins its life, it is mostly leaf in mass (Fig. 7.1a). As a tree grows in stature, it becomes mostly stem in mass and the foliage represents only a few percent of the total mass. Roots remain relativel作者: Indurate 時間: 2025-3-24 00:04
Atmospheric Deposition Effects on Surface Waters, Soils, and Forest Productivity the earliest acidic deposition research found that fish populations in some lakes and streams in the Adirondack Mountains of NY had been eliminated by acidification (Schofield, 1976). In the 1980s, research in the U.S. expanded greatly through the National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program (NAP作者: Ostrich 時間: 2025-3-24 03:31
Nitrogen Saturation in Experimental Forested Watersheds which translates to “without life” because free N is incapable of supporting life: a fitting name for this element given the paradoxes it presents to society and its role in global ecology. Despite being the most abundant element in the atmosphere, usually quoted as 78% by volume, primarily as N., 作者: 虛度 時間: 2025-3-24 08:28 作者: 駕駛 時間: 2025-3-24 11:31 作者: 藥物 時間: 2025-3-24 16:16 作者: overshadow 時間: 2025-3-24 20:14
Effects of Climate Change on Forest Insect and Disease Outbreaks dioxide (CO.) levels (.; .; .; .; .). January temperatures are projected to rise as much as 12°C and July temperatures as much as 9°C over temperatures simulated at ambient CO. (.). Projections of precipitation are quite variable over the region, ranging from 71 to 177% of ambient levels in January作者: 考古學 時間: 2025-3-25 02:05
Forest Responses to Changing Climate: Lessons from the Past and Uncertainty for the Futuresiderable evidence indicates that increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the earth’s atmosphere will lead to near-term warming, perhaps as much as 2 to 4°C in northeastern North America. Given that the distribution of vegetation on earth has varied with past climat作者: 的事物 時間: 2025-3-25 03:43 作者: 牽連 時間: 2025-3-25 08:01
Climate and Atmospheric Deposition Patterns and TrendsFurthermore, future characteristics of ecosystems in the region will depend on future climate, weather, disturbance, and pollution patterns that may develop in response to natural or human-caused changes in our atmospheric environment.作者: AVOID 時間: 2025-3-25 14:09 作者: IST 時間: 2025-3-25 17:54 作者: 文件夾 時間: 2025-3-25 22:11
Tree Health and Physiology in a Changing Environment small fraction of total mass, which decreases over time, as older branches are shed. Also shed are leaves, roots, and outer bark. However, aging wood cannot be shed, but dies internally as sapwood is transformed into a core of protection wood, often called “heartwood” (Fig. 7.1b,c; Table 7.1).作者: 營養(yǎng) 時間: 2025-3-26 03:32
Effects of Soil Warming on Carbon and Nitrogen Cyclingse gases will result in higher mean global temperatures, or the “greenhouse effect.” Currently, the radiative forcing of climate by greenhouse gases is predicted to increase global mean annual temperature by 1 to 3.5°C in the next 100 years, with a greater warming occurring in the higher latitudes than at the equator (.).作者: Flatus 時間: 2025-3-26 06:46
Regional Impacts of Climate Change and Elevated Carbon Dioxide on Forest Productivitystore 90% of the C in terrestrial vegetation (.), so fluxes of C between forest biomass, forest soils, and the atmosphere are key components of global and regional C budgets. In the northeastern U.S., forest production is especially important because nearly 70% of the land area in the region is forested (.).作者: Adrenaline 時間: 2025-3-26 11:22
Effects of Climate Change on Forest Insect and Disease Outbreaksforests directly in ways discussed in previous chapters. In contrast with the discussions in previous chapters, this chapter steps up one trophic level to consider the effects of climate change on the populations of microorganisms, fungi, and insects that feed in and on forest trees.作者: ciliary-body 時間: 2025-3-26 16:10
978-1-4612-7064-5Springer Science+Business Media New York 2000作者: custody 時間: 2025-3-26 19:58
Responses of Northern U.S. Forests to Environmental Change978-1-4612-1256-0Series ISSN 0070-8356 Series E-ISSN 2196-971X 作者: 小臼 時間: 2025-3-26 22:16
Ecological Studieshttp://image.papertrans.cn/r/image/828699.jpg作者: reserve 時間: 2025-3-27 04:09
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1256-0Oxide; Scale; atmosphere; atmospheric science; climate change; ecology; ecosystem; environment; environmenta作者: depreciate 時間: 2025-3-27 07:02 作者: 漂浮 時間: 2025-3-27 12:49 作者: PATHY 時間: 2025-3-27 14:16
Forest Resources and Conditionsand removals. Historical information has been gleaned from the literature. Source material for recent trends in timberland area, species composition, stand structure, and net forest drain is from the successive state-level forest inventories conducted by the United States Department of Agriculture (作者: 營養(yǎng) 時間: 2025-3-27 20:19
Atmospheric Deposition Effects on Surface Waters, Soils, and Forest Productivityate past and possible future changes caused by acidic deposition. This program yielded conclusive evidence that acidic deposition had acidified poorly buffered surface waters, resulting in the loss of fish populations and other aquatic organisms, although uncertainties remained about the extent of t作者: Admire 時間: 2025-3-28 01:10
Summary of Prospective Global Change Impacts on Northern U.S. Forest Ecosystemsessment was updated and new technical issues were added in the second assessment volumes, “Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change”(.) and “Climate Change 1995: Impacts, Adaptations, and Mitigation of Climate Change” (.). The first IPCC assessment in 1990 and subsequent assessments have c作者: lattice 時間: 2025-3-28 03:11
Book 2000 in the context of forest landscapes derived from centuries of intensive land use and natural disturbances. Research in the North has begun to unravel some key questions about how environmental changes will impact the productivity and health of forest ecosystems, species distributions and abundance,作者: 打包 時間: 2025-3-28 08:34
Judson G. Isebrands,Richard E. Dickson,Joanne Rebbeck,David F. Karnosky作者: DEBT 時間: 2025-3-28 12:50
Walter C. Shortle,Kevin T. Smith,Rakesh Minocha,Subhash Minocha,Philip M. Wargo,Kristiina A. Vogt作者: 檢查 時間: 2025-3-28 15:27 作者: 苦笑 時間: 2025-3-28 21:37 作者: Pelvic-Floor 時間: 2025-3-29 01:14
mmt diese Ansicht mehr in der Art seines Denkens als in der kalkülm??igen Realisierung zum Ausdruck. Das Ringen um Erkenntnisse im letzteren Sinne beginnt mit . Das Titelblatt seiner . (?Die neue Wissenschaft?) aus dem Jahre 1537 bringt dieses Streben in Bildern und Worten mit aller Deutlichkeit zum作者: scrutiny 時間: 2025-3-29 04:58 作者: 先兆 時間: 2025-3-29 08:35 作者: Firefly 時間: 2025-3-29 14:43
Warren E. Heilman,John Hom,Brian E. Potterff des inneren Drucks vor, und ohne diesen gibt es keine aus den mechanischen Grundgesetzen entwickelte Hydromechanik als selbst?ndigen Zweig der exakten Naturwissenschaften. Trotzdem ist es sehr interessant, lehrreich und zur Bewunderung anregend, zuerst auch ihren Gedanken nachzugehen und ihre Lei作者: craving 時間: 2025-3-29 16:00
Philip M. Wargo,Allan N. D. Auclairkommt diese Ansicht mehr in der Art seines Denkens als in der kalkülm??igen Realisierung zum Ausdruck. Das Ringen um Erkenntnisse im letzteren Sinne beginnt mit .. Das Titelblatt seiner . (?Die neue Wissenschaft?) aus dem Jahre 1537 bringt dieses Streben in Bildern und Worten mit aller Deutlichkeit 作者: depreciate 時間: 2025-3-29 22:03 作者: defeatist 時間: 2025-3-30 02:46
Gregory B. Lawrence,Kristiina A. Vogt,Daniel J. Vogt,Joel P. Tilley,Philip M. Wargo,Margaret Tyrrell fundamentaler Bedeutung ist ferner die Frage, in welchem Umfang man dem Notentext einer Komposition folgt bzw. von ihm abweicht (?Willkürliche Ver?nderungen“, ?Retuschen“, Ensemblekoordination), und welche Rolle regionale Differenzen bei der Interpretation spielen.?.978-3-476-04796-0作者: textile 時間: 2025-3-30 04:37
ussure — mit dem die Führung in der Sprachwissenschaft von Deutschland auf das Ausland übergeht — beginnen die Bemühungen, Sprache als Sprache, als System eigener Art zu erfassen, sie nicht zur Form zu reduzieren, sie aber auch nicht in Au?ersprachliches aufzul?sen..作者: 流眼淚 時間: 2025-3-30 08:51 作者: STANT 時間: 2025-3-30 13:11 作者: Missile 時間: 2025-3-30 17:48 作者: HIKE 時間: 2025-3-30 23:17
John A. Laurence,Scott V. Ollinger,Peter B. Woodbury die Prosaerz?hlung nach. Der Dialekt ist anfangs unrein, auch hier ward Do? als Muster gew?hlt. Allm?hlich lernten die Dichter, auf die übereinstimmung der von ihnen geschriebenen Mundart mit der wirklich gesprochenen zu achten und einen Mischmasch mit anderen sowie mit dem Hochdeutsch zu meiden.作者: Synchronism 時間: 2025-3-31 02:41
David W. Williams,Robert P. Long,Philip M. Wargo,Andrew M. Liebhold die Prosaerz?hlung nach. Der Dialekt ist anfangs unrein, auch hier ward Do? als Muster gew?hlt. Allm?hlich lernten die Dichter, auf die übereinstimmung der von ihnen geschriebenen Mundart mit der wirklich gesprochenen zu achten und einen Mischmasch mit anderen sowie mit dem Hochdeutsch zu meiden.
