作者: epicondylitis 時(shí)間: 2025-3-21 21:24
Oxidations and Reductions,ers of comparable organic molecules, i.e., the oxidation numbers in CH. (.), C.H. (.), and CH.-NH.. (.). It will be seen that the organic chemist’s approach is entirely the same as the familiar approach taken in inorganic chemistry.作者: Metamorphosis 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 00:23
Electrophilic Additions to the C=C Double Bond,ma bonds are produced by the overlap of two .. atomic orbitals (. = 1, 2, 3), which is quite effective because it is .. Pi bonds are based on the overlap of 2.. atomic orbitals, which is not as good because it is lateral or parallel.作者: 免費(fèi) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 07:24
Conversion of Phosphorus- or Sulfur-Stabilized , Nucleophiles with Carbonyl Compounds: Addition-inde Me.P.-CH.. is the parent compound of the . or .. R.R.R.P.-CR.R... This terminology is used to distinguish them from other ylides like . or .. R.R.R.N.-CR.R.. and . or .. R.R.S.-CR.R.. With strong bases it is also possible to remove a proton from the methyl group of triarylmethylphosphonium halides to form the ylides Ar.P.-CR.R..作者: 驕傲 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 09:41
Chemistry of the Alkaline Earth Metal Enolates,ion can be removed with a base (.). The deprotonation forms the conjugate bases of these substrates, which are called .. The conjugate bases of imines and hydrazones are called .. The reactions discussed in this chapter all proceed via enolates.作者: Insulin 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 13:26 作者: Outshine 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 17:09 作者: Delirium 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 22:54
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions at the Carboxyl Carbon,carboxyl oxygen, too. Thus, there is no difference between the nomenclatures for the C=O groups of carbonic acid derivatives and carboxylic acid derivatives. Finally, there are C.=O double bonds; these occur in ketenes and isocyanates.作者: 異端 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 04:01 作者: Gyrate 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 09:37 作者: Hypopnea 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 11:24
Rearrangements,erial and the product of the Claisen rearrangement are molecules that can be isolated. The ring expansion reaction shown in . and the alkyne synthesis depicted in . are examples of multistep rearrangement reactions.作者: omnibus 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 15:44
Textbook 2010cts, a language for all time, a language that explains where we came from, what we are, and where the physical world will allow us to go. Chemical Language has great esthetic beauty and links the physical sciences to the b- logical sciences. ” from The Two Cultures: Chemistry and Biology by Arthur K作者: 兇猛 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 21:04
Radical Substitution Reactions at the Saturated C Atom,hich a substituent X that is bound to an ..-hybridized C atom is replaced by a group Y via radical intermediates. Radicals are usually short-lived atoms or molecules. They contain one or more unpaired electrons. You should already be familiar with at least two radicals, which by the way are quite st作者: 草本植物 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 22:34 作者: 誘惑 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 06:03
,-Eliminations,emoved in such a way that they do not become constituents of same molecule. In other eliminations, they become attached to one another such that they leave as a molecule of type X-Y or X=Y or as X≡Y. The atoms or groups X and Y can be bound to C atoms and/or to heteroatoms in the substrate. These at作者: Observe 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 08:36
Substitution Reactions on Aromatic Compounds,tic precursors is considerably less important. Via substitution reactions, electrophiles and nucleophiles can be introduced into aromatics. A series of mechanisms is available for this. Those that are discussed in this chapter are listed in ..作者: outer-ear 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 10:50
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions at the Carboxyl Carbon,s are part of a carbonyl group, C.=O. Carboxylic acids, carboxylic esters, and carboxylic amides, as well as all carboxylic acid derivatives used as acylating agents (see Section 6.3) are termed collectively as . and are thereby distinguished from the carbonyl compounds. They contain a carboxyl grou作者: aspect 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 17:50
Carboxylic Compounds, Nitriles, and Their Interconversion,H. → R-C≡N + H.O is associated with a enthalpy change of +19 kcal/mol. The dehydration of carboxylic acids (R-C(=O)-OH → R-C(=O)-O-C(=O)-R + H.O), leads to the formation of carboxylic acid anhydrides. This process is only half as endothermic (Δ. = +9 kcal/mol), due to the fact that the dehydration o作者: 舊病復(fù)發(fā) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 20:00 作者: 尾隨 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 03:10 作者: grudging 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 03:28 作者: JADED 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 10:25
Conversion of Phosphorus- or Sulfur-Stabilized , Nucleophiles with Carbonyl Compounds: Addition-inds produced with the structure Me.P.-CH... A betaine in which the positive and the negative charges are located on adjacent atoms as in Me.P.-CH.. is called an .. The “yl” part of the name ylide refers to the . in the substructure P.-CH... The “ide” part indicates that it also contains an .. The ylid作者: eustachian-tube 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 13:04
Chemistry of the Alkaline Earth Metal Enolates,toms. These compounds also become nucleophiles, if they contain an H atom in the .-position relative to their C=O or C=N bonds. This is because they can undergo tautomerization to the corresponding enol as seen in Chapter 12. They are also C,H-acidic at this position, i.e., the H atom in the .-posit作者: cancer 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 16:47 作者: 貿(mào)易 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 22:20 作者: 柏樹 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 00:25
Transition Metal-Mediated Alkenylations, Arylations, and Alkynylations,be substituted by nucleophiles alone. One exception has already been discussed and that was the addition/elimination mechanism of the nucleophilic substitution. This mechanism occurs, among other substrates, with alkenes that carry a strong electron acceptor on the neighboring C atom (see Figures 10作者: 食道 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 07:55 作者: 具體 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 10:45
http://image.papertrans.cn/o/image/703837.jpg作者: Intractable 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 14:13 作者: 馬籠頭 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 19:51
978-3-662-50639-4Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2010作者: 全面 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 23:10 作者: 鋼筆尖 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 03:35
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions at the Saturated C Atom,The book began with chemistry that is by no means uncommon, but the bulk of organic chemistry has and continues to be based on two electron processes. Substitution reactions comprise one class of reactions involving such chemistry. Addition reactions comprise the other. You should have been introduced to both by now.作者: Bridle 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 06:20
The Chemistry of Enols and Enamines,In six chapters we have dealt with the chemistry of molecules containing C=O double bonds (Chapter 6–11). In this context we encountered作者: Apraxia 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 10:43
,-Eliminations,emoved in such a way that they do not become constituents of same molecule. In other eliminations, they become attached to one another such that they leave as a molecule of type X-Y or X=Y or as X≡Y. The atoms or groups X and Y can be bound to C atoms and/or to heteroatoms in the substrate. These atoms can be ..- or ..-hybridized.作者: 散步 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 13:57 作者: 墻壁 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 20:56
Carbonic Acid Derivatives and Heterocumulenes and Their Interconversion,.). They can be regarded as anhydrides of the carbonic acid derivatives .. In fact, heterocumulenes are typically generated by eliminating water from such carbonic acid derivatives. Sometimes this occurs spontaneously, especially at elevated temperatures, but generally only upon treatment with a dehydrating reagent.作者: 泄露 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 01:03 作者: 甜得發(fā)膩 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 02:34 作者: Anticonvulsants 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 07:57
Textbook 2010stiny of scientific research. The “l(fā)anguage of chemistry” referred to by my former Stanford colleague is made up of atoms and bonds and their interactions. It is a s- tem of knowledge that allows us to understand structure and events at a molecular level and increasingly to use that understanding to作者: indignant 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 11:34
d colleague is made up of atoms and bonds and their interactions. It is a s- tem of knowledge that allows us to understand structure and events at a molecular level and increasingly to use that understanding to978-3-662-50639-4978-3-642-03651-4作者: 配置 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 17:53 作者: accessory 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 22:38
Chung-Shen Wu,Chih-Yuan Wengitsaktion?re gegen ihren Willen aus der Zielgesellschaft auszuschlie?en (?Squeeze out“). Dabei bedarf der ?Squeeze out“ trotz eines nachhaltigen Eingriffs in die Mitgliedschaftsrechte keiner sachlichen Rechtfertigung. Unerl??liche Voraussetzung gem?? § 327a AktG ist lediglich ein Kapitalanteil von m作者: Occlusion 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 01:24
Felix Behlingerican South- west and Mesoamerica: Systems of Prehistoric Exchange is the first of two volumes that seek to provide current information regarding regional exchange on a conti- nental basis. From a theoretical perspective, these volumes provide important data for the comparative analysis of regional作者: 事與愿違 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 05:21 作者: 愉快嗎 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 10:58
,Brief Final Thoughts…,y boundaries and troubles ideas that have been taken for granted. This was our intention. We set out to widen our understanding of disabled children’s childhoods, not close them down. Indeed, we railed against compartmentalising debates by deliberately opening them up for discussion and debate. In d作者: Blemish 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 12:06 作者: ELATE 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 16:24 作者: 額外的事 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 22:06
Web Services Business Strategies and Architectures, light on the impact of Web Services on an organization and its functional processes. Consequently, we do not become embroiled in a technical discussion of programming implementation details, instead taking an architectural view of the subject. If you need to know what Web Services are in more gener作者: ANT 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 03:07
Theory of Neutron Magnetic Scattering,systeme verfügen. Diese erm?glichen den Aufbau der verschiedenartigsten, voneinander getrennten Reaktionsr?ume im Inneren der Zelle und sind eine Voraussetzung für die H?herorganisation eukaryoter Zellen im Vergleich zu Prokaryonten.作者: 哺乳動(dòng)物 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 07:46
Reliability Analysis of a Two-Server Heterogeneous Unreliable Queueing System with a Threshold Contg on the state of faster server. The main task of the paper consists in reliability analysis of the proposed system including evaluation of the stationary availability and reliability function. The effects of different parameters on introduced reliability characteristics are analyzed numerically.作者: abject 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 10:40 作者: 使?jié)M足 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 12:32
Abhay Sharma,Sarla Shashni,Sumati Rathoreowie dem Marfan-Syndrom oder den verschiedenen Ehlers-Danlos-Erkrankungen, gibt es keine Hinweise für eine angeborene Divertikuloseneigung. Ver?nderungen des Kollagen-und Elastinstoffwechsels bei Patienten mit Divertikulose und beim Tier haben jedoch ein Modell der Divertikelpathophysiologie entsteh作者: Estimable 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 17:17
John J. Antalc pain assessment and treatment must develop a separate, if not parallel, data base from the adult pain field that is sensitive to the unique characteristics of children. During the past several years, a growing number of investigators have begun generating a substantial data base from which the cli作者: 寬度 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 00:18
Die europ?ische Gesellschaft als Ausdruck einer Fortentwicklung der Moderne?schen Revolution und der Heraufkunft der Demokratie und der kulturellen Revolution und der Durchsetzung des Individualismus. Nur im Westen, so Max Weber, hat es rationalen Kapitalismus, rationale Wissenschaft, rationale Kunst, rationales Recht, einen rationalen Staat, rationale Bürokratie und ration作者: 包庇 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 00:59 作者: 神圣不可 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 06:15 作者: ARC 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 09:56 作者: 認(rèn)識(shí) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 13:29
