標(biāo)題: Titlebook: Low Dose Exposures in the Environment; Dose-Effect Relation Christian Streffer,H. Bolt,E. Swaton,Friederike Wü Book 2004 Springer-Verlag Be [打印本頁] 作者: Colossal 時間: 2025-3-21 16:41
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書目名稱Low Dose Exposures in the Environment被引頻次學(xué)科排名
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書目名稱Low Dose Exposures in the Environment年度引用學(xué)科排名
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書目名稱Low Dose Exposures in the Environment讀者反饋學(xué)科排名
作者: 遺棄 時間: 2025-3-21 23:50 作者: Keshan-disease 時間: 2025-3-22 02:08
Book 2004an health and the environment, environmental standards that shall limit the release and the concentration of those toxic agents in the environment and hence the exposure to it have to be established. The related assessment and decision-making procedures have to be based on solid scientific data abou作者: 消毒 時間: 2025-3-22 08:05 作者: 花束 時間: 2025-3-22 11:07
Recommendations for Environmental Risks to Human Health: Evaluation and Regulatory Processes,nd and the maintenance of a healthy and sustainable environment for today’s life and for future generations on the other hand. Therefore regulations; including the setting of environmental standards; are very important.作者: 畏縮 時間: 2025-3-22 15:23 作者: Narrative 時間: 2025-3-22 20:07
Toxicology of Chemical Carcinogens,the parent compound, or, very frequently, in the form of an ultimately active metabolite. Hence, a complicated interplay of activating and inactivating enzyme systems must be considered in performing low-dose extrapolations. This chapter provides some outstanding examples of typical ways of argumentation.作者: 殘廢的火焰 時間: 2025-3-22 21:45
Comparing Summary of Action of Ionising Radiation and Chemicals in Carcinogenesis,stem and developmental effects especially of the central nervous system. However, in the debate about protection of humans and the environment against industrial toxic releases and other anthropogenic burdens these later damages have only minor positions. Therefore, this report has focussed to discuss cancer risk.作者: 諷刺滑稽戲劇 時間: 2025-3-23 04:20
Hypothesis Testing and the Choice of the Dose-Response Model,of cancer led toxicologists to first suggest a non-threshold model during the early 1960s (Roderick 1992). Since that time a number of models have been suggested, and present work in health physics, toxicology and epidemiology is concerned with questions about both the shape of the dose-response curve and whether or not a threshold exists.作者: Outmoded 時間: 2025-3-23 08:07
1860-4803 rotect human health and the environment, environmental standards that shall limit the release and the concentration of those toxic agents in the environment and hence the exposure to it have to be established. The related assessment and decision-making procedures have to be based on solid scientific作者: FELON 時間: 2025-3-23 13:34
ng and the uncertainty and validation of LUC and LUCC data and model outputs. The chapter summarizes the theoretical fundamentals required to understand the rest of the book. First, we define Land Use and Land Cover concepts that have been extensively discussed and debated in the literature (Sect.?.作者: 幻想 時間: 2025-3-23 14:08
Christian Streffer,H. Bolt,D. F?llesdal,P. Hall,J. G. Hengstler,P. Jakob,D. Oughton,K. Prie?,E. Rehbtion matrix. However, although these accuracy metrics are applied to spatial data, this does not mean that they produce spatial results. The overall, user’s and producer’s accuracy metrics provide global information for the entire area analysed, but shed no light on possible variations in accuracy a作者: 騎師 時間: 2025-3-23 19:03 作者: Opponent 時間: 2025-3-24 00:54
Christian Streffer,H. Bolt,D. F?llesdal,P. Hall,J. G. Hengstler,P. Jakob,D. Oughton,K. Prie?,E. Rehbse Cover Change Modelling (LUCCM) exercises. We give readers some guidelines according to the type of maps they want to validate: single LUC maps (Sect.?.), time series of LUC maps (Sect.?.) or the results of LUCCM exercises (Sect.?.). Despite the fact that some of the available methods are applicab作者: Picks-Disease 時間: 2025-3-24 04:51 作者: Armada 時間: 2025-3-24 07:45
Christian Streffer,H. Bolt,D. F?llesdal,P. Hall,J. G. Hengstler,P. Jakob,D. Oughton,K. Prie?,E. Rehbhole story. There are evidences that urban growth is dispersed and urban sprawl promotes the spread of urban land use into the rural-urban fringe. .Here the attempt is to investigate the land transformation and the driving forces which were influencing the land transformation. The present study was 作者: anthesis 時間: 2025-3-24 12:13
Christian Streffer,H. Bolt,D. F?llesdal,P. Hall,J. G. Hengstler,P. Jakob,D. Oughton,K. Prie?,E. Rehb north Indian cities and the implication of these movements..Today, India still remains a rural agricultural country although the share of urban population has also increased but these figures do not tell the whole story. There are evidences that urban growth is dispersed and urban sprawl promotes t作者: Paraplegia 時間: 2025-3-24 17:16 作者: 教唆 時間: 2025-3-24 21:12
Christian Streffer,H. Bolt,D. F?llesdal,P. Hall,J. G. Hengstler,P. Jakob,D. Oughton,K. Prie?,E. Rehb risks from natural hazards, as well as technological risks, are managed as an integral part of land use and development planning at a local government level, in an all-hazard, consequence-based, integrated policy and planning framework. The approach requires horizontal and vertical integration acro作者: CAMEO 時間: 2025-3-25 00:16 作者: 樂意 時間: 2025-3-25 04:30 作者: 顯而易見 時間: 2025-3-25 10:38
Christian Streffer,H. Bolt,D. F?llesdal,P. Hall,J. G. Hengstler,P. Jakob,D. Oughton,K. Prie?,E. Rehbisaster mitigation and recovery policies and initiatives are closely connected to and influence land use patterns. After Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and Superstorm Sandy in 2012, recovery policies and programs had direct and varied impacts on land use in the affected areas, where, as part of recovery 作者: hemorrhage 時間: 2025-3-25 15:03 作者: 悠然 時間: 2025-3-25 18:04 作者: 使更活躍 時間: 2025-3-26 00:02
Christian Streffer,H. Bolt,D. F?llesdal,P. Hall,J. G. Hengstler,P. Jakob,D. Oughton,K. Prie?,E. Rehb on karst and land use can be very difficult to locate in the journals of any of a half-dozen different disciplines. This book brings the interdisciplinary knowledge together in one place, in a format that academics and professionals alike will find accessible, informative and useful..Based on an ex作者: 過度 時間: 2025-3-26 01:07 作者: 用肘 時間: 2025-3-26 05:47 作者: 共同時代 時間: 2025-3-26 09:00 作者: shrill 時間: 2025-3-26 15:18
Ethical Aspects of Risk,of sound scientific methodology in estimating the probabilities for damages and reducing the uncertainties involved in extrapolating from the known into the unknown. However, the setting of standards for acceptable risk is not just a matter of probabilities and degrees of uncertainty. Acceptability 作者: Agility 時間: 2025-3-26 17:53 作者: 憤慨一下 時間: 2025-3-26 21:12
Toxicology of Chemical Carcinogens,ke, distribution, metabolism and elimination of chemical compounds lead to further complications. A chemical carcinogen may either act in the form of the parent compound, or, very frequently, in the form of an ultimately active metabolite. Hence, a complicated interplay of activating and inactivatin作者: 送秋波 時間: 2025-3-27 01:19 作者: 精確 時間: 2025-3-27 08:03 作者: 廣告 時間: 2025-3-27 13:22
Comparing Summary of Action of Ionising Radiation and Chemicals in Carcinogenesis,ancer is of dominating concern. Some other toxic effects may be discussed after low-dose exposures like genetic effects, disturbances of the immune system and developmental effects especially of the central nervous system. However, in the debate about protection of humans and the environment against作者: 不能平靜 時間: 2025-3-27 14:02
Hypothesis Testing and the Choice of the Dose-Response Model, assumption was that there was a threshold to the appearance of a health detriment, including cancer. But developments in the knowledge and aetiology of cancer led toxicologists to first suggest a non-threshold model during the early 1960s (Roderick 1992). Since that time a number of models have bee作者: capsaicin 時間: 2025-3-27 19:03 作者: rectocele 時間: 2025-3-27 21:57
Low Doses in Health-Related Environmental Law,ons: the first problem is whether the state or — in the case of the European Community — the Community is under an obligation to protect human life and health against low doses; secondly, one has to ask the question whether and to what extent the state or the Community is empowered to deal with low 作者: 袋鼠 時間: 2025-3-28 02:49 作者: 獨裁政府 時間: 2025-3-28 10:03 作者: MAZE 時間: 2025-3-28 10:40
Recommendations for Environmental Risks to Human Health: Evaluation and Regulatory Processes,nary dialogue and interaction is of utmost importance for dealing with and setting environmental standards. In the modern, industrialised world with high human population densities, it is necessary to achieve a balance between the development and the operation of efficient technologies on the one ha作者: 燒烤 時間: 2025-3-28 15:52 作者: Favorable 時間: 2025-3-28 20:59
Low Doses in Health-Related Environmental Law,ons: the first problem is whether the state or — in the case of the European Community — the Community is under an obligation to protect human life and health against low doses; secondly, one has to ask the question whether and to what extent the state or the Community is empowered to deal with low doses.作者: 眉毛 時間: 2025-3-29 00:01 作者: 王得到 時間: 2025-3-29 06:54
Low Dose Exposures in the Environment978-3-662-08422-9Series ISSN 1860-4803 Series E-ISSN 1860-4811 作者: Interstellar 時間: 2025-3-29 08:40
Ethics of Science and Technology Assessmenthttp://image.papertrans.cn/l/image/588765.jpg作者: 牲畜欄 時間: 2025-3-29 12:59
Christian Streffer,H. Bolt,E. Swaton,Friederike Wü作者: 加入 時間: 2025-3-29 15:55
1860-4803 ainties which makes risk evaluation as well as risk communication frequently problematic. In order to ensure rational efficient and fair decisions beyond a soun978-3-642-05923-0978-3-662-08422-9Series ISSN 1860-4803 Series E-ISSN 1860-4811 作者: 修飾 時間: 2025-3-29 21:40
Christian Streffer,H. Bolt,D. F?llesdal,P. Hall,J. G. Hengstler,P. Jakob,D. Oughton,K. Prie?,E. Rehbtradable commodity, and the pursuit of short-term profits is the predominant ethic. The actors in PUI are strong because it is characterized by intermixing of rural and urban activities and interests as well as978-94-007-5254-2978-94-007-5255-9Series ISSN 2211-4165 Series E-ISSN 2211-4173 作者: 轉(zhuǎn)換 時間: 2025-3-30 01:05
Christian Streffer,H. Bolt,D. F?llesdal,P. Hall,J. G. Hengstler,P. Jakob,D. Oughton,K. Prie?,E. Rehb basis for a regulatory framework that may be used to understand the workings of land use regulations in karst terrains, and to aid in the development of such regulations in the futu978-94-007-8934-0978-1-4020-9670-9作者: 忙碌 時間: 2025-3-30 07:24 作者: inclusive 時間: 2025-3-30 11:03 作者: 下垂 時間: 2025-3-30 16:18
Risk Evaluation and Communication, is beyond their control. Decisions involving involuntary risks are often dominated by emotional arguments, as has been amply demonstrated in the controversy about electricity producing technologies, and here especially about nuclear power (Chiosila 1996; Scholz 1996; Ansel 1997; Stoll 1997; Tanguy 作者: Alcove 時間: 2025-3-30 19:03
Summary,nges with measurable effects. The extrapolation is accompanied with uncertainties which makes risk evaluation as well as risk communication frequently problematic. For the regulatory processes besides legal requirements and administrative procedures, ethical, social and economic aspects are importan作者: 后天習(xí)得 時間: 2025-3-30 21:21
Book 2004isk estimation can only be achieved by extrapolation from higher doses with measurable effects. The extrapolation is accompanied with uncertainties which makes risk evaluation as well as risk communication frequently problematic. In order to ensure rational efficient and fair decisions beyond a soun作者: inflame 時間: 2025-3-31 02:13
modelling, its purpose, uses and the different stages that make up a LUCC modelling exercise (Sect.?.). We also offer a brief introduction to the different types of LUCC models currently available. Finally, we present the concepts of uncertainty and validation and offer a brief introduction to the t作者: 有抱負(fù)者 時間: 2025-3-31 07:48 作者: 偏離 時間: 2025-3-31 13:14 作者: GROUP 時間: 2025-3-31 16:00
Christian Streffer,H. Bolt,D. F?llesdal,P. Hall,J. G. Hengstler,P. Jakob,D. Oughton,K. Prie?,E. Rehbhis order, the tools for validating Land Use Cover data based on basic and Multiple-Resolution Cross-Tabulation (see chapter “.”), metrics based on the Cross-Tabulation matrix (see chapter “.”), Pontius Jr. methods based on the Cross-Tabulation matrix (see chapter “.”), validation practices with sof作者: 異端邪說2 時間: 2025-3-31 18:54
Christian Streffer,H. Bolt,D. F?llesdal,P. Hall,J. G. Hengstler,P. Jakob,D. Oughton,K. Prie?,E. Rehbpoints could also be used as reference data for these analyses. Examples of Cross-Tabulation analyses at one and multiple resolutions are presented for four different cases: to validate single LUC maps, to validate the soft maps produced by a model, to validate a simulation exercise and to validate
