標(biāo)題: Titlebook: Logical Structures for Representation of Knowledge and Uncertainty; Ellen Hisdal Book 1998 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998 Unsicher [打印本頁] 作者: Exacting 時(shí)間: 2025-3-21 18:49
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作者: Fallibility 時(shí)間: 2025-3-21 22:47 作者: lactic 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 00:42
Modus Ponens and Existence Updatingfined in definition 13.3.1. Modus ponens inferences require type 2 updating of an . statement or structure by non. information. The reason for this and examples of such updating are given in sections 13.3.2, 13.4 respectively. The examples of section sect. 13.4 include also modus ponens updating of an . structure with several probability rows.作者: 聾子 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 06:17 作者: canvass 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 09:01
1434-9922 cience not to create laws, but to discover them. We do not originate the constitution of our own minds, greatly as it may be in our power to modify their character. And as the laws of the human intellect do not depend upon our will, so the forms of science, of (1. 1) which they constitute the basis,作者: Collision 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 16:51 作者: 一大塊 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 17:38 作者: 誘惑 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 22:46
978-3-7908-2458-2Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998作者: 事與愿違 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 02:46 作者: 泄露 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 06:20
BP Chain Sets III, Precise FormulationsThe purpose of chapter 5 is to present some more precise formulations than those of chapter 3. A reader who wishes merely to get a first overview of the chain set system can omit this chapter at the first reading.作者: MIRE 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 12:56
IF THEN InformationWe have already treated the answering of . in the chain set logic. In sect. 6.4.6, and especially in fig. 6.8, we illustrated cases of drastic differences between answers to . questions in the chain set logic versus propositional calculus.作者: 微生物 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 15:38 作者: 盟軍 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 22:00
The M-Notation and Ignorance vs UncertaintyThe three fundamental formal differences between the BP chain set logic and the M-chain set logic are,作者: 概觀 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 00:51 作者: Guaff豪情痛飲 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 06:23
Information in the M LogicThe . information chain set was already discussed in chapters 8, 9 where we said that the chain set logic interprets the statement .,.in the sense of the information supply ..作者: infarct 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 08:09 作者: 野蠻 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 14:44
Existence InferencesBy suffixing a question mark to each of the sentences in the natural language columns of of figs. 10.1, 15.2, 17.1 we can convert them from being interpreted as statements to being interpreted as questions.作者: 迅速成長 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 14:55 作者: 滔滔不絕地講 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 20:57 作者: 肌肉 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 03:13
Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computinghttp://image.papertrans.cn/l/image/588158.jpg作者: FRAX-tool 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 05:24 作者: inquisitive 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 07:51
BP Chain Sets I, Affirmation, Negation, Conjunction, Disjunction affirmations, negations and . and . connectives. Chain sets representing . information are discussed in chapters 8, 9 and 14. The procedures for answering . in the form of such noncomposite or composite sentences, including . questions, are given in chapter 6. They are valid for both the BP logic of part I, and the M logic of part II.作者: FLOUR 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 13:59 作者: grudging 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 18:59 作者: ARM 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 22:28 作者: jovial 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 02:20
ny educational systems, that knowledge should be seen as a ‘process’ rather than as an ‘object’ and that is it co-constructed in the interactions between teacher and students. At the risk of oversimplifying, social realism sets out to challenge the claim that ‘transmission’ — characterising any educ作者: 喧鬧 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 06:24 作者: sclera 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 09:59
Ellen Hisdal née Gruenwald the acquirer’s understanding of the practice have occupied research for many decades. The return to this question now has a specific context. Broadly speaking, this context is characterised by a proliferation of policy evaluation research at the expense of disciplinary-based research, an attack on 作者: Myelin 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 14:02 作者: 翅膀拍動(dòng) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 17:05 作者: Angiogenesis 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 00:12 作者: 占線 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 03:49
Ellen Hisdal née Gruenwaldormation and Malaysia as a failed example of Islamization of education. The continued nature of segregation between a secular or modern orientation and theocratic nature of educational program in Bangladesh has narrowed down the equity principle of educational dissemination. Along with this continue作者: NAG 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 07:05
Ellen Hisdal née Gruenwaldone of these multi-variables is the joint production (JPF(θ)) output then in reflection of the circular causation relationship with other variables, the JPF(θ) also becomes a multivariate function. In all of these derived circular causation relations of the wellbeing objective criterion, the epistem作者: Hyperalgesia 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 12:29 作者: Carcinogen 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 15:35 作者: 聾子 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 18:42
Ellen Hisdal née Gruenwaldhrysippus called obtaining propositions, which is what we now call facts. Then I look at four kinds of thought and the kinds of fact they represent. I start with two kinds of thought that are unique in that they are guaranteed to be true, according to Chrysippus, namely sense perceptions and preconc作者: Calibrate 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 01:57
Ellen Hisdal née Gruenwaldtural properties of children are usually corrupted in three ways when they grow up and that adults therefore can make progress only by solving their inner conflicts, becoming more steadfast in their practical reasoning, and improving their self-understanding. So I argue that the main remedy against 作者: AMEND 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 04:03 作者: Femine 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 08:35
Chain Set and Probability Overviewe calculus, and of the meaning of probabilities in a theory of logic. The difference between traditional and chain set logic is most marked for . statements and questions, and for classification- and more general quantification-structures. The latter are treated as a special case of a conjunction of作者: mosque 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 11:48 作者: allergy 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 17:41
BP Chain Sets II, Special Cases of Chain Setsst to set theory which has only one representation of emptiness, namely the empty set?, the chain set logic distinguishes between three types of emptiness, resulting in three different chain set structures. These are 1) The representation of an empty collection of objects, 2) The representation of a作者: GUMP 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 21:00
Inferences or the Answering of Questionsle to retrieve the supplied information and to draw inferences from it. We will express this by saying that it must be possible to answer any question . directed at the information represented in the knowledge base. The present chapter includes . is treated in chapter 8, although we anticipate it he作者: Bombast 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 01:07
Inferences with Higher Level Chain Setsstion as a whole because chain sets for . have no possibility row; and that such questions are answered on the basis of the separate chain sets for . and . respectively. Consequently we have not yet any method for answering a question . which is a negation of an IT question..作者: 木質(zhì) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 03:32 作者: 平靜生活 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 08:16 作者: 淘氣 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 12:51 作者: 畫布 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 19:30
Two Types of Updating of Probabilities0; the m probability values of the other two chains (as well as the 0 probability value of the missing (0A 0B) chain) are left unchanged. If the new information had been ., then the m probability values of the chains (l. 0.), (0. 1.) would be updated to 0, and the m probability value of the (l. 1.) 作者: hypnotic 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 21:50
Book 1998axioms. It relies exclusively on purely deductive reasoning following from the definition of probabilities. The M logic goes an important step further than the BP logic in that it can distinguish between certain types of information supply sentences which have the same representation in the BP logic作者: ABIDE 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 03:27
Ellen Hisdal née Gruenwalds studying. If he does not know in some detail what kind of pass Thermopylae is or on what sort of ridge the battle of Bussaco was fought, he has no business of978-94-010-2219-4978-94-010-2217-0Series ISSN 0082-111X 作者: LEVY 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 04:25
Ellen Hisdal née Gruenwaldiology and cultural studies). This book addresses everyone interested in the philosophy and history of science, and in particular in the interplay between the social and natural sciences. ..978-3-642-05905-6978-3-662-08129-7Series ISSN 1612-3018 Series E-ISSN 2197-6619 作者: 責(zé)怪 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 11:33 作者: 變白 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 13:44
Logical Structures for Representation of Knowledge and Uncertainty作者: 吞吞吐吐 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 19:39
mportant contributor to democratic politics. Scientific ways of thinking were the intellectual means to reject the tyranny of traditional culture and ascribed status for an identity that recognises the individual as the bearer of human rights in a new relationship to society. These new ways of think作者: 新星 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 00:30
Ellen Hisdal née Gruenwaldl — in the presence of ‘old timers’ — planning, teaching, and revising one’s lessons, by iteratively being involved in aspects of practice — that student teachers acquire practical knowledge or the know-how of professional knowledge and that this is key for learning professional expertise. In other 作者: 輕觸 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 01:30 作者: forestry 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 06:06
Ellen Hisdal née Gruenwaldmportant contributor to democratic politics. Scientific ways of thinking were the intellectual means to reject the tyranny of traditional culture and ascribed status for an identity that recognises the individual as the bearer of human rights in a new relationship to society. These new ways of think作者: Insufficient 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 09:30
Ellen Hisdal née Gruenwaldl — in the presence of ‘old timers’ — planning, teaching, and revising one’s lessons, by iteratively being involved in aspects of practice — that student teachers acquire practical knowledge or the know-how of professional knowledge and that this is key for learning professional expertise. In other 作者: 不持續(xù)就爆 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 15:16
Ellen Hisdal née Gruenwaldtion of a ‘ludic-rous’ curriculum, where knowledge is seen as playful and where the suggestion that there exists (or should exist) a common curriculum is, quite literally, viewed as ludicrous. The challenge that social realism poses for educators is to take knowledge seriously and to assert that kno
