標(biāo)題: Titlebook: In a Class of Their Own; A Detailed Examinati Gary Ritchison Book 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023 Avian Evolution.Avian Locomotion [打印本頁(yè)] 作者: 戲弄 時(shí)間: 2025-3-21 17:25
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作者: Repetitions 時(shí)間: 2025-3-21 23:31 作者: GENUS 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 03:18 作者: legislate 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 08:07 作者: 陪審團(tuán)每個(gè)人 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 09:57
In a Class of Their Own978-3-031-14852-1Series ISSN 2509-6745 Series E-ISSN 2509-6753 作者: Carbon-Monoxide 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 12:58
Skeleton and Skeletal Muscles,d and interspecific variation in these structures is described and explained. The structure and function of avian skeletal muscles is also explained and their role in avian locomotion, including flight and feeding, is described and explained.作者: 果仁 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 18:02 作者: tendinitis 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 23:36
Migration,g areas before females and factors contributing to such behavior are discussed. Reasons why birds migrate during the day versus at night are explained, and the chapter closes with a discussion of the possible effects of climate change on bird migration.作者: LIMN 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 01:46 作者: Handedness 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 05:46
Locating, Obtaining, Ingesting, and Digesting Food,in the anatomy and functions of each component of the digestive system, including bills, the esophagus, two-part stomach, small and large intestine ceca, cloaca, and accessory organs, including the pancreas and liver. Information about the phenotypic plasticity of the avian digestive system and regulation of food intake is also provided.作者: scrutiny 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 11:43
Avian Locomotion: Flying, Running, Walking, Climbing, Swimming, and Diving,, are discussed, and how birds take off and land is explained. The metabolic cost of flight is also explained. Finally, the various ways that birds move along the ground, in trees and other substrates, and on and in the water are also explained.作者: WAIL 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 17:20 作者: 易于交談 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 20:40 作者: 提升 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 23:39
Energy Balance and Thermoregulation,dy temperatures. Some birds allow their body temperature to either increase (hyperthermia) or decrease (hypothermia), and how and why they do so is explained. Some species of birds allow their body temperatures to drop so low that they become unresponsive, a condition referred to as torpor, and I also explain how and why birds do this.作者: 禁止,切斷 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 02:51 作者: Duodenitis 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 10:22
Avian Reproduction: Clutch Sizes, Incubation, and Hatching,s of incubation are also explained. The duration of incubation periods varies widely among different species of birds and factors contributing to that variation are explained. The development, nutrition, and growth of avian embryos are described as well as the process of hatching.作者: Limited 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 11:54
Gary Ritchison(LEAs) and citizens. The Unity project will reinforce this connection by developing the Unity IT Toolkit; a suite of features that cover best practices used to support and assist CP methods across all CP stakeholders. It is structured in a web portal and in a mobile application. Both are developed t作者: Herpetologist 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 15:13 作者: forthy 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 20:15 作者: 柔美流暢 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 02:14
Gary Ritchisonher education sector over the past three decades. The conceptualization of this third function has varied across regions, type of universities and even academic disciplines. Historically, higher education institutions have been positioned as the knowers within communities, disregarding the valuable 作者: 絕緣 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 07:20 作者: 門(mén)閂 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 11:23 作者: 一條卷發(fā) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 14:42 作者: Relinquish 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 19:50
Gary Ritchisonation activities performed by farming households and entrepreneurs in rural communities. To do so it adopts a consistent conceptual and empirical microeconomic approach and employs econometric methodology. Community-based rural tourism (CBRT) is attracting increasing interest in both developed and d作者: pulmonary 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 19:59 作者: Dissonance 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 02:56 作者: OGLE 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 06:27 作者: notion 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 11:40
Skeleton and Skeletal Muscles,lost the ability to fly and their skeletons and skeletal muscles now differ to varying degrees from those of birds that fly. The skeleton of birds consists of bones and this chapter begins with an examination of the structure of bird bones and a discussion of the evolution of the avian skeleton. The作者: Cpr951 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 14:21 作者: BARK 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 18:29
Nervous System,ystems of birds are described in detail, with particular emphasis on the anatomy and function of avian brains. The impressive cognitive abilities and many species of birds are also described. The general and special senses of birds are discussed, including the special senses of olfaction, taste, vis作者: prodrome 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 21:14
Locating, Obtaining, Ingesting, and Digesting Food,he different avian dietary guilds, including insectivores, frugivores, invertivores, granivores, carnivores, scavengers, nectarivores, herbivores, and omnivores. The anatomy and physiology of the avian digestive system are also discussed in detail, with information about the interspecific variation 作者: anthesis 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 02:36
Cardiovascular and Immune Systems,are also exposed to a wide variety of pathogens and so require an effective immune system. In this chapter, the structure and function of the avian cardiovascular system are explained, including how the blood transports oxygen and carbon dioxide. Adaptations that allow some birds to fly at high alti作者: 直覺(jué)沒(méi)有 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 06:53 作者: Alienated 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 09:32 作者: 豐富 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 16:57 作者: Myocarditis 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 17:56
Energy Balance and Thermoregulation,ate (BMR), varies within and among species, with rates increasing with decreasing body mass. In this chapter, I discuss factors beyond body mass that can influence BMR, such as latitude, as well as seasonal variation in BMR. Also discussed are the ways in which birds maintain their body temperatures作者: prostate-gland 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 22:42
Avian Locomotion: Flying, Running, Walking, Climbing, Swimming, and Diving,ight, this chapter covers the evolution of flight and provides a detailed explanation of how birds fly and factors that have contributed to the evolution of different wing shapes and variation in wing loading. The different ways that birds fly, from gliding and soaring to flapping flight to hovering作者: 北極熊 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 02:20 作者: Intractable 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 09:08 作者: affinity 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 13:14 作者: strain 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 18:24
Mating Systems,, the duration of interactions between males and females, and the respective roles of males and females in providing care (or not) for eggs and young after fertilization vary among species and, to a lesser extent, within species. The different ways that birds of different species interact to produce作者: Herbivorous 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 21:00
Avian Reproduction: Timing, Anatomy, and Eggs,adults and their young, breeding during periods of peak food availability can be critical. In this chapter, I explain the factors that influence when birds initiate breeding, and describe the structure and function of male and female reproductive systems. For males, the process of sperm production a作者: 令人作嘔 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 00:54
Avian Reproduction: Nests and Nest Sites,sing the evolution of nests, the various potential functions of nests are explained, including structural support, protection, providing suitable microclimates, and serving as phenotypic signals. Relationships between the characteristics of nest sites and nest predation are also discussed. The diffe作者: 爭(zhēng)吵加 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 03:47 作者: Capture 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 10:36
Avian Reproduction: Post-hatching Parental Care and Brood Parasitism, or even months. Factors contributing to this variation are discussed in this chapter. For species where young are fed by adults, the begging behavior of young and responses to that begging by adults is explained. Factors that influence the extent to which adults defend nests and young from potentia作者: 要控制 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 15:27
Gary Ritchisonthe volume of available information managed by the whole ToolKit. Additionally, a CP Strategy Generator is included to collect and build a CP data repository for helping LEAs in planning their CP strategy. Given the casuistry of each community, the ToolKit is instantiated for addressing the concrete作者: MAIM 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 15:52
Gary Ritchisonthe volume of available information managed by the whole ToolKit. Additionally, a CP Strategy Generator is included to collect and build a CP data repository for helping LEAs in planning their CP strategy. Given the casuistry of each community, the ToolKit is instantiated for addressing the concrete作者: 善辯 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 21:59
Gary Ritchisonto education for social transformation in Nairobi’s informal settlements. Colloquially known as ., the Diploma is intended to address higher education deprivation in Nairobi’s urban informal settlements and encourage community-led social transformation. It is taught and administered from Huruma Esta作者: 身心疲憊 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 02:07 作者: 解開(kāi) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 06:16
Gary Ritchisonmbedded in its host communities and this is therefore a reoccurring scenario. The chapter explores why this happened and what could be done differently. It concludes with a review of the main obstacles to community-led development and a call for a shift in emphasis from short-term training-led solut作者: 主講人 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 09:03
Gary Ritchisone reflect on one community-based project to enhance our understanding of and seek ways to improve community–university research partnerships. Data was generated by narrative freewriting to tap into the perceptions of academics as well as community members regarding the partnership. The themes which 作者: 感染 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 16:08
Gary Ritchisonased research offers a pathway to reclaim humanity in and through research, to promote the peaceable coexistence of all human ways of being and knowing that are mindful of shared need and the limits of our finite planet. The core concepts of the book are explained in relation to how they are used in作者: 惰性氣體 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 20:17
Gary Ritchisonrmers who provide educational tourism for consumers. These emerging communities are beyond the range of traditional agrarian communities and complement each other, which helps overcome obstacles to rural tourism for farm operators and urban residents. Those communities also nurture the rural entrepr作者: 擁護(hù) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 22:37
Gary Ritchisonrmers who provide educational tourism for consumers. These emerging communities are beyond the range of traditional agrarian communities and complement each other, which helps overcome obstacles to rural tourism for farm operators and urban residents. Those communities also nurture the rural entrepr作者: harpsichord 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 03:57 作者: 加強(qiáng)防衛(wèi) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 08:09 作者: FLORA 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 11:27 作者: Debark 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 13:49 作者: 分散 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 18:09
Nervous System,so discussed. The ability of birds, especially some species of owls, to localize the source of sounds is explained. The use of echolocation by a few species of birds, including swiftlets and Oilbirds, is also described.作者: insincerity 時(shí)間: 2025-4-1 00:29
Cardiovascular and Immune Systems, the avian heart and blood vessels are explained, as is the process by which the flow of blood to different tissues and organs varies as needed to ensure that blood flow matches changes in metabolic activity.
