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標(biāo)題: Titlebook: Hydrogen Bonding in Biological Structures; George A. Jeffrey,Wolfram Saenger Book 1991 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1991 DNA.Peptide. [打印本頁]

作者: 會議記錄    時間: 2025-3-21 16:57
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作者: overshadow    時間: 2025-3-22 00:07
Effect of Hydrogen Bonding on Molecular Structurevalent bonds, depending upon the polarizability of the covalent bonding in the molecule. For this reason it is greatest in conjugated systems, where it is a structural manifestation of the ., discussed in Chap. 1.
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作者: 鋼盔    時間: 2025-3-22 08:05

作者: 慢跑鞋    時間: 2025-3-22 11:42
Purines and Pyrimidinesrivatives have been used most successfully in the investigations of biological processes and have found application in pharmacology [520, 521]. The same is true for the barbiturates, where the main emphasis is in pharmaceutical industry.
作者: 星星    時間: 2025-3-22 14:42

作者: Rct393    時間: 2025-3-22 19:13
Definitions and Conceptsydrogens attached to fluorine atoms and the weakest hydrogen bonds involve those attached to carbon atoms. It has long been known that with very electronegative donor and acceptor atoms, the hydrogen bond resembles a covalent bond, whereas, with weakly electronegative atoms, it is primarily electrostatic [42].
作者: 故意    時間: 2025-3-22 23:36

作者: palette    時間: 2025-3-23 03:50

作者: CORD    時間: 2025-3-23 07:04
Metrical Aspects of Three- and Four-Center Hydrogen BondsBecause in the (zwitterionic) amino acids there is a numerical imbalance between the (three) donor properties of the.and the (four) acceptor properties of the ?CO.., the proportion of three-center bonds is untypically high, amounting to almost three quarters of the total number of hydrogen bonds.
作者: floodgate    時間: 2025-3-23 11:46

作者: chuckle    時間: 2025-3-23 15:31

作者: 間諜活動    時間: 2025-3-23 20:43
sense, a Rosetta stone that unlocks a wealth of information from the language of crystallography and makes it accessible to all scientists. (From a book review of Kenneth M. Harmon, Science 1992)978-3-540-57903-8978-3-642-85135-3
作者: outskirts    時間: 2025-3-23 22:22

作者: 高歌    時間: 2025-3-24 06:11
of extraordinary importance; without them all wooden structures would collapse, cement would crumble, oceans would vaporize, and all living things would disintegrate into random dispersions of inert matter..Hydrogen Bonding in Biological Structures. is informative and eminently usable. It is, in a
作者: Provenance    時間: 2025-3-24 08:08
The Importance of Hydrogen Bondsthods of abstracting scientific papers and the use of key words, it is difficult to trace the origin of concepts. We know that before 1932, a number of chemical phenomena were observed that led investigators to postulate the existence of weak or secondary bonds involving the interactions between fun
作者: 消瘦    時間: 2025-3-24 14:12

作者: 無所不知    時間: 2025-3-24 17:45
Theoretical Calculations of Hydrogen-Bond Geometriesrs, instead of monomers. A second reason is that the weaker attractive forces which attenuate more slowly result in a potential energy surface near the minimum, which is much shallower than for covalent bonds. Consequently, relatively small changes in energy correspond to relatively large changes in
作者: 排出    時間: 2025-3-24 19:57
Effect of Hydrogen Bonding on Molecular Structuren in Part IB, Chap. 7, Table 7.2. This perturbation of the electronic structure of the donor bond and the acceptor atom will extend to the adjacent covalent bonds, depending upon the polarizability of the covalent bonding in the molecule. For this reason it is greatest in conjugated systems, where i
作者: fibroblast    時間: 2025-3-25 00:04
The Importance of Small Molecule Structural Studiesxerting a “valence” which is generally two, but can be three, and rarely, four. There is great structural versatility, with H · · · A distances ranging from 1.2 to beyond 3 ? and X — H · · · A angles from 80° to 180°.
作者: 離開可分裂    時間: 2025-3-25 06:09
Metrical Aspects of Two-Center Hydrogen Bondsprimary intermolecular cohesive force between the carbohydrate molecules, water, and carboxylic acids. They occur extensively in the structures of cyclodextrins, polysaccharides, glycolipids, and glycoproteins. The O.H ··· O bonds are important in the ices, in hydrated crystal structures, and in the
作者: 貧困    時間: 2025-3-25 07:46
Metrical Aspects of Three- and Four-Center Hydrogen Bondsutron diffraction crystal structures, that the three-center bonds occur much more frequently than previously thought. Analyses of small molecule crystal structures indicate that an average of about one quarter of all the NH ? O = C and OH ? O hydrogen bonds are of the three-center type (Table 2.3).
作者: 黑豹    時間: 2025-3-25 14:41
Intramolecular Hydrogen Bondso be formed, and when formed, they confer additional rotational stability to these conformations. They ultimately help to determine and to define the three-dimensional structures of the molecules, and are therefore involved in their functional aspects. These bonds are of major importance in the glob
作者: aggrieve    時間: 2025-3-25 16:32
Weak Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions Formed by C-H Groups as Donors and Aromatic Rings as Acceptorslectronegative atoms as first neighbors in crystal structures. Unlike the stronger O-H · · · O or N-H · · · O bonds, the hydrogen bonds with C-H as donor will not have a major influence on molecular conformation. They occur when other packing forces and stereochemical constraints bring C-H bonds and
作者: municipality    時間: 2025-3-25 20:30

作者: fledged    時間: 2025-3-26 02:50
Hydrogen Bonding in Carbohydratesnes and pyrimidines in the nucleic acids, with polypeptides in the glycoproteins and with lipids in the glycolipids. The simpler carbohydrates resemble water molecules in one important respect. Their primary hydrogen-bonding function comes from the hydroxyl group which can have both donor and accept
作者: AMPLE    時間: 2025-3-26 05:40
Hydrogen Bonding in Amino Acids and Peptides: Predominance of Zwitterionss. The naturally occurring molecules are the L-enantiomers, shown in .; for chemical formulae see Fig. 19.1. D-amino acids can be synthesized and the individual L- or D-amino acids or the D,L-racemates can be crystallized. All the common amino acids have been studied by neutron or X-ray crystal stru
作者: condemn    時間: 2025-3-26 09:17
Purines and Pyrimidinesnteract specifically with the enzymes involved in the metabolism of the nucleic acids and with regulatory proteins. Purines, pyrimidines, and their derivatives have been used most successfully in the investigations of biological processes and have found application in pharmacology [520, 521]. The sa
作者: Anal-Canal    時間: 2025-3-26 14:14
Base Pairing in the Purine and Pyrimidine Crystal Structuresase the strength of hydrogen bonding due to .-cooperativity. This favors the formation of base-paired dimers and in some cases of trimers and tetramers. These can occur between the same bases (homo- or self-association) and between different bases (hetero-association).
作者: inchoate    時間: 2025-3-26 17:57

作者: 討好美人    時間: 2025-3-26 21:11
which, together with a striking development of endemism of notothenoid fishes (outwardly resembling our northern cottoids), contains true northern fish types, such as Zoarcidae, Liparidae, Agonidae and so on. At that time the absence of collections from the Antarctic in the Russian museums made a co
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作者: 殘廢的火焰    時間: 2025-3-27 16:48
George A. Jeffrey,Wolfram Saenger kinds of igneous rocks (from ultrabasic to acidic), metamorphic and sedimentary rocks (schists, gneisses, conglomerates, sandstones, mudstones and limestones), loess, and volcanic rocks (Fig. 1). Land forms are varied; about 50 percent of New Zealand is steep, 20 percent is hilly, and only 30 perce
作者: frozen-shoulder    時間: 2025-3-27 20:55
George A. Jeffrey,Wolfram Saengere in two volumes, being volumes 18 and 19 of the Monographiae Biologicae. Most of these discussions deal with decidedly specialist themes and the editors have been particularly concerned to ensure that the authors enjoyed the greatest possible freedom in the preparation of their work in order that d
作者: bizarre    時間: 2025-3-27 22:53
ictionary, 1949). This is a very wide and general concept that in the case of man would cover the whole range of man’s interaction with his environment starting with climate, soil, habitat, going to food and nutrition, infection and infestation and ending up with the social and cultural activities o
作者: Bucket    時間: 2025-3-28 02:05
George A. Jeffrey,Wolfram Saengerr shorter or longer periods of time. The aboriginals vigorously counteracted in many locations of the Spanish Conquista, which had its roots since the end of the 15th Century; but they fought with stone weapons against the iron weapons of the Conquistadores, and their resistance could thus be quickl
作者: affluent    時間: 2025-3-28 06:16
George A. Jeffrey,Wolfram Saengerous. A general monograph was to be written, embracing all the disciplines of natural history applicable to these islands, and over twenty scientists were approached for contributions. However scientists are ‘time machines‘ ; our proposed list of contents has changed a good many times. Cooporation of
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作者: 他日關(guān)稅重重    時間: 2025-3-29 04:42

作者: 指數(shù)    時間: 2025-3-29 10:22
s, languages, history, tradi- tions and cultures. Diversity is its prime characteristic, whatever the subject of interest. To a biogeographer it is tantalizing, as well as confusing or frustrating when trying to determine the history of its biota. To an ecologist, and to all biologists, it is a happ
作者: Odyssey    時間: 2025-3-29 14:37

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作者: tendinitis    時間: 2025-3-30 11:08
summing up. It is therefore, not without hesitation, that I accepted the amiable suggestion of the Editorial Staff of the volume “Biogeography and Ecology of Antarctica” to compile a review on Antarctic fishes; this review should, however, only be regarded as a preliminary attempt in this direction.
作者: Vulnerary    時間: 2025-3-30 13:59
George A. Jeffrey,Wolfram Saengerhich entered Australia at the time of the late Tertiary Indo-Malayan invasion..As the source of origin of the southern faunal component is the subject of controversy this problem is discussed. In this connection particulars are given of several groups of insects belonging to eight Orders, all of whi
作者: 吹牛者    時間: 2025-3-30 19:21

作者: chlorosis    時間: 2025-3-30 22:45
George A. Jeffrey,Wolfram Saengerra and families. 2. Species assigned to new genera but still in Northern families. 3. New genera now in new tribes or sub-families still in Northern families. 4. All now in Southern families. Obviously these stages have not been completely passed through in other orders and the result gives a false
作者: 鈍劍    時間: 2025-3-31 01:26

作者: Flustered    時間: 2025-3-31 07:31
ncern themselves on the one hand with man’s adaptation to various components of the climate he lives in and on the other hand with his nutrition. This apparent dichotomy is, however, not to be taken as real, it is just being used as a method of presentation and the author fully realizes that climate
作者: Communal    時間: 2025-3-31 11:28





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