標(biāo)題: Titlebook: Human and Machine Problem Solving; K. J. Gilhooly Book 1989 Plenum Press, New York 1989 Action.Memory.Problem Solving.Processing.algorithm [打印本頁] 作者: Stubborn 時間: 2025-3-21 18:09
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作者: FLORA 時間: 2025-3-21 21:27
Nonadversary Problem Solving by Machine,sentence, or planning a sequence of robot actions. In this chapter we shall adopt a rather more specialized meaning for the term and regard it as covering the study of the properties of algorithms (1) for conducting search and (2) for construction and manipulating plans of action.作者: 浮夸 時間: 2025-3-22 02:52
Machine Inference,dge. Many such machines are primarily concerned with numerical computation. However, during the last few years, systems have been built that can “reason” in the sense that they are able to check a body of knowledge for consistency and are able to infer implicit knowledge from that which they have been given explicitly.作者: WAIL 時間: 2025-3-22 07:43 作者: neolith 時間: 2025-3-22 08:55
Adversary Problem Solving by Machine,Methods of problem solving by machine have been discussed in a previous chapter. In principle, the adversary makes very little difference; adversary problem-solving graphs are just special cases of . graphs (Nilsson, 1980). Nevertheless specialized techniques have been developed, many of them highly efficient problem-independent search procedures.作者: Bereavement 時間: 2025-3-22 15:20
Human and Machine Problem Solving: A Comparative Overview,In this chapter I will be reviewing, with a comparative eye, the substantive pairs of chapters in the body of this book. I will be particularly concerned with questions of mutual influences between research on human and machine problem solving and with general principles that emerge from a comparative reading of Chapters 2 through 12.作者: 擴張 時間: 2025-3-22 18:09 作者: gait-cycle 時間: 2025-3-22 21:35 作者: 舊病復(fù)發(fā) 時間: 2025-3-23 04:01
Machine Expertise,rtant to remember this long history of the mechanization of problem solving. It puts present-day artificial intelligence efforts into perspective. Expert systems are, in a way, a continuation of a tradition going back to Babbage.作者: outer-ear 時間: 2025-3-23 09:06 作者: 緊張過度 時間: 2025-3-23 09:52 作者: immunity 時間: 2025-3-23 14:27 作者: CLOT 時間: 2025-3-23 21:17
Machine Learning,ncepts merely from unstructured observations or by planning and performing experiments in the environment. There is no teacher involved here, and all the burden is on the learner. The learner’s environment plays the role of an oracle.作者: 狂怒 時間: 2025-3-24 01:07 作者: Harass 時間: 2025-3-24 03:15
ur- ring problem solving into hypothetical processes, while AI seeks to synthesize problem-solving performance from well-defined processes. Psychology may suggest possible processes to AI and, in turn, AI may suggest plausible hypotheses to psychology. It should be useful for both sides to have some作者: 輕推 時間: 2025-3-24 08:37 作者: 宇宙你 時間: 2025-3-24 13:39
Human and Machine Problem Solving Toward a Comparative Cognitive Science,ble effort has been invested in automating problem-solving processes in a number of task areas. These efforts form part of the field of . (AI), which attempts to construct programs that can carry out complex performances hitherto the preserve of humans and other organisms.作者: Heart-Rate 時間: 2025-3-24 17:15
Adversary Problem Solving by Humans,l replies; we can respond to each of these replies, but each response will engender a further set of replies. Hence, the search tree grows exponentially. A complete solution to the problem is often beyond our reach, and beyond the resources of a computer, with the result that our decisions must be based on heuristic principles.作者: Substance-Abuse 時間: 2025-3-24 20:47
Book 1989urrent computers have rather different functional or cognitive architectures. Thus, insights into the role of cognitive ar- chitecture in performance may be gained by comparing typical human problem solving with efficient machine problem solving over a range of tasks. Readers may notice that there i作者: fender 時間: 2025-3-25 02:55 作者: Nausea 時間: 2025-3-25 05:31 作者: 全神貫注于 時間: 2025-3-25 10:22 作者: nonplus 時間: 2025-3-25 13:20 作者: 賞錢 時間: 2025-3-25 19:49 作者: left-ventricle 時間: 2025-3-25 23:45
Human and Machine Problem Solving Toward a Comparative Cognitive Science,ich have sought to prescribe optimal means of solving various types of problems, such as problems in reasoning or in game playing. Next, there have been . studies, which have attempted to understand problem-solving processes in humans and other animals. Most recently, with the advent of ., considera作者: 畏縮 時間: 2025-3-26 03:36 作者: 權(quán)宜之計 時間: 2025-3-26 06:10 作者: cloture 時間: 2025-3-26 10:07 作者: bioavailability 時間: 2025-3-26 13:07 作者: 谷類 時間: 2025-3-26 16:56
Human Expertise,of expertise in problem solving. For more detailed descriptions of the actual research results, the reader is referred to an edited volume on the nature of expertise by Chi, Glaser, and Farr (1988). This chapter is not meant to be an integrated interpretation of problem solving theories. Such a revi作者: 刀鋒 時間: 2025-3-27 00:19
Machine Inference,dge. Many such machines are primarily concerned with numerical computation. However, during the last few years, systems have been built that can “reason” in the sense that they are able to check a body of knowledge for consistency and are able to infer implicit knowledge from that which they have be作者: Mirage 時間: 2025-3-27 01:16
Human Inference, from a variety of disciplines, including, in addition to psychology itself, linguistics, logic, philosophy, sociology, and anthropology. Some idea of the scope of the topic can be gained from Braine and Rumain (1983), Johnson-Laird (1983), Kahneman, Slovic, and Tversky (1982), Nisbett and Ross (198作者: endure 時間: 2025-3-27 06:10
Machine Learning,s sense, programming is a particular kind of learning by being told. The main burden here is on the teacher, although the learner’s task can be made more difficult by requiring that the learner . what the teacher had in mind. So learning by being told may require intelligent communication, including作者: 你敢命令 時間: 2025-3-27 09:50
Human Learning,rly 1970s, the emphasis was on the basic architecture of the human memory system. This structural approach found its apotheosis in the multistore model proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968, 1971). Disenchantment soon became manifest with this type of theorizing, in particular because it appeared 作者: 編輯才信任 時間: 2025-3-27 14:42
Problem Solving by Human-Machine Interaction,ing as the process by which a system goes from a problem state to a nonproblem state. There are several important corollaries to this definition and several critical areas of vagueness. These will be discussed in turn.作者: 似少年 時間: 2025-3-27 18:58
Chris Gudmunsenhiatrischen Erkrankung ist die maligne Katalepsie bei schizophrenen Psychosen. Die neuronalen Prozesse, die zu dieser St?rung führen, sind noch weitgehend ungekl?rt (s. Spie?-Kiefer, in diesem Buch S. 171). Bei der Ratte wurde experimentell eine der Katalepsie vergleichbare Starre durch die Gabe von作者: TRAWL 時間: 2025-3-27 23:17 作者: countenance 時間: 2025-3-28 02:25
“Creating” a Public Sphere in Cyberspace: The Case of the EUion (EU). They are regarded as a means to overcome the inherent legitimation deficit. This article discusses the potential for democratic innovation through ICT-based solutions within the EU-framework and their role in the emergence of a European cyber public sphere. Against the background of delibe作者: 過剩 時間: 2025-3-28 08:46 作者: DAMN 時間: 2025-3-28 12:43
Thromboprophylaxis for Hospitalized Medical Patients,es. Despite its effectiveness, it remains underutilized in many hospitals and parts of the world. Risk stratification models have been developed to help identify patients who would benefit most or to exclude patients at risk for bleeding..Low-molecular-weight heparin, low-dose unfractionated heparin作者: indemnify 時間: 2025-3-28 17:48
Power: Charisma and Authority Structuresy, whereas Eisenstadt’s fundamentalists are born out the conflict between corrupt real and perfect ideal. In this regard, it is the heightening, the charismatization of this tension and perpetual struggle, its transcendence from a mere material conflict in the realm of man to that of a “cosmic war”,作者: 谷類 時間: 2025-3-28 21:42
2524-5384 application, thin film mechanical coating, photovoltaics, s.The book provides an introduction to nanostructured materials and guides the reader through their different engineering applications. It gives an overview of nanostructured materials applied in the fields of?physics, chemistry, biology, me作者: 空氣傳播 時間: 2025-3-29 02:08 作者: 無關(guān)緊要 時間: 2025-3-29 06:09 作者: parasite 時間: 2025-3-29 08:51 作者: pancreas 時間: 2025-3-29 13:17
Wenjing Hube taken into account..This paper addresses the problem of comparing two or more sets of overlapping data as a basis for comparing different partitions of quantitative data. An approach that uses statistical concepts to measure the distance between partitions is presented. The data’s descriptive kno作者: Gentry 時間: 2025-3-29 19:12
The Development of a GIS-Based Inventory of Standing Waters in Great Britain together with a Risk-Binventory a risk-based prioritisation protocol was developed to identify standing waters at risk of harm from acidification and eutrophication. This information is required by the Environment Agency, Scottish Environmental Protection Agency and the U.K. statutory conservation bodies to co-ordinate a作者: Visual-Field 時間: 2025-3-29 23:23 作者: Fraudulent 時間: 2025-3-30 02:06
Multimedia Applications: Protocol MOT,ver. So, the header is transmitted more frequently than the media objects themselves..The MOT protocol may be used for the transmission of slides, video, MOT directory, broadcasting websites, or electronic program guide.作者: miracle 時間: 2025-3-30 05:12 作者: subordinate 時間: 2025-3-30 11:53