標(biāo)題: Titlebook: How Megaprojects Are Damaging Nigeria and How to Fix It; A Practical Guide to Jimoh Ibrahim,Christoph Loch,Kishore Sengupta Book‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘ 20 [打印本頁] 作者: 夸大 時間: 2025-3-21 16:13
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作者: 腐蝕 時間: 2025-3-21 20:27
http://image.papertrans.cn/h/image/428659.jpg作者: 發(fā)源 時間: 2025-3-22 04:07
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96474-0Developing countries; emerging economies; project governance; corruption; large programmes; Open Access作者: 流浪 時間: 2025-3-22 06:34
A Description of the 38 Matched Projects,This chapter gives a short description of all 38 projects with summary statistics (size, which years, completed/abandoned, which sectors) and the reason for inclusion in the investigation. This gives the reader an overview of the richness of the data set.作者: MULTI 時間: 2025-3-22 09:01 作者: Offset 時間: 2025-3-22 13:18 作者: Rejuvenate 時間: 2025-3-22 20:03
Two More Power Plants,gressed to substantive facilities, but no charges have been brought in Nigeria (while charges did indeed come to fruition in the UK, related to bribery of officials by UK-based component contractors). This case demonstrates how damaging corruption can become when it is not tracked and punished.作者: 冰河期 時間: 2025-3-23 00:57 作者: Endemic 時間: 2025-3-23 03:17
Two Express Road Rehabilitation Projects,esentations to the public, with excuses that point away from the sources of the problems. The currently visible final result is a reduction of the project to “palliative measures” (i.e. repairing what is there rather than the expansion that the project started out to achieve).作者: glowing 時間: 2025-3-23 07:15
Conclusion: The Government Responsibility,e able to do about this. But these are technical recommendations that might well be modified and changed—action will depend on political will, and the responsibility for political will lies with the heads of government.作者: Sarcoma 時間: 2025-3-23 09:46
Book‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘ 2022lure rate than mega projects elsewhere, and yet there is no available data or analysis to help us understand the reasons behind such failures. This book provides an authoritative examination into why very large projects in Nigeria have failed so badly, and provides practical recommendations on how t作者: 污穢 時間: 2025-3-23 13:52
Introduction: The Project Abandonment Problem,l foreign debt ($27B) in 2017..Therefore, there needs to be an investigation: what are the causes of this situation, what are the specific reasons in the Nigerian context, and what might be done to remedy this? This introduction chapter outlines the approach of the investigation and summarizes what will be discussed in each chapter.作者: meritorious 時間: 2025-3-23 21:20 作者: 技術(shù) 時間: 2025-3-24 02:11 作者: ANIM 時間: 2025-3-24 05:22 作者: avulsion 時間: 2025-3-24 08:07 作者: Pedagogy 時間: 2025-3-24 12:07
Two Power Plants,(gas supplies and power distribution lines). So, the power plant hardware itself was completed after a delay, but the plant still delivers little power because gas supplies are too expensive and power delivery is subject to capacity limits and price controls that make operation of the plant unaffordable.作者: 叫喊 時間: 2025-3-24 16:53 作者: ASTER 時間: 2025-3-24 19:57 作者: oncologist 時間: 2025-3-24 23:38 作者: NEG 時間: 2025-3-25 03:51
Jimoh Ibrahim,Christoph Loch,Kishore Senguptacterium, profiting from the host metabolism, and producing multiple progeny phages that are stable enough to survive until they find a new host bacterium to infect. Their genomes consist of single-stranded RNA, double-stranded RNA, single-stranded DNA, or double-stranded DNA, depending on phage type作者: MERIT 時間: 2025-3-25 09:11
Jimoh Ibrahim,Christoph Loch,Kishore Senguptaes, however, has now paved the way for fuller student engagement in phage discovery and genomics. Because of the extraordinarily high diversity of phage genomes, there is a near-limitless resource of bacteriophages that can be isolated from the environment using a bacterial host of one’s choice, wit作者: 傻 時間: 2025-3-25 13:46
Jimoh Ibrahim,Christoph Loch,Kishore Senguptang their infection of bacteria that bacteriophage genomes are both generated and encapsidated. Overall, the process of virus infection involves virion acquisition of host cells, the infection itself, and then subsequent release of progeny virions from these cells: adsorption, infection, and release 作者: trigger 時間: 2025-3-25 16:19
Jimoh Ibrahim,Christoph Loch,Kishore Senguptaular biology. In particular, they were essential model organisms in the search for the physical nature and function of the gene, beginning with the establishment of the American Phage Working Group by Max Delbrück and extending to explication of Francis Crick’s central dogma of molecular biology thr作者: Instrumental 時間: 2025-3-25 23:51 作者: sulcus 時間: 2025-3-26 01:49
Jimoh Ibrahim,Christoph Loch,Kishore Senguptas and ecosystem dynamics. However, phages from extreme environments such as polar regions remain relatively understudied due to challenges such as restricted ecosystem access and low biomass. Understanding the diversity, structure, and functions of polar phages is crucial for advancing our knowledge作者: 主講人 時間: 2025-3-26 07:48
Jimoh Ibrahim,Christoph Loch,Kishore Senguptamilar morphological and biological characteristics, bacteriophages are perfect surrogates for the study of the fate and transport of enteric viruses, generally better than any other group of indicators..Different groups of bacteriophages, such as somatic coliphages, F-specific RNA bacteriophages, an作者: 較早 時間: 2025-3-26 09:08 作者: athlete’s-foot 時間: 2025-3-26 13:02
Jimoh Ibrahim,Christoph Loch,Kishore Senguptas and ecosystem dynamics. However, phages from extreme environments such as polar regions remain relatively understudied due to challenges such as restricted ecosystem access and low biomass. Understanding the diversity, structure, and functions of polar phages is crucial for advancing our knowledge作者: Psychogenic 時間: 2025-3-26 19:18 作者: Noisome 時間: 2025-3-26 23:33
Jimoh Ibrahim,Christoph Loch,Kishore Senguptamote and mysterious to many scientists as they are to most laymen. This book endeavours to remedy the situation: an attempt has been made to provide, in readily comprehensible form, a nucleus of information essential to anyone embarking on the study of bacteriophages or using them in their work for 作者: 同步左右 時間: 2025-3-27 03:44 作者: 替代品 時間: 2025-3-27 08:13 作者: 里程碑 時間: 2025-3-27 10:47
Introduction: The Project Abandonment Problem,y large projects did not just “fail” but were abandoned, leaving ruins behind. Nigeria has no systematic data on what has been spent, but the sums are clearly huge—the 38 projects alone that this investigation considers in detail represent a total budget of over $25B, almost equalling Nigeria’s tota作者: conjunctivitis 時間: 2025-3-27 14:42
What We Know About the Management of Very Large Projects, and one can get them wrong in a hundred different ways. So existing frameworks contain many success variables. This study is based on this knowledge—it is unlikely that in the Nigerian context, forces are at work which have never been observed anywhere else before. But not all the influence factors作者: 專橫 時間: 2025-3-27 20:51
Structure of the Investigation,people involved in each of 38 projects (19 abandoned, and 19 completed). The projects are matched by sector and size to allow comparisons, and three respondents per project reduce biases..While quantitative data allows “objective” statistical analysis, 11 of the projects were in addition described i作者: 我就不公正 時間: 2025-3-28 01:45
Insights from the Analysis of the Questionnaires,rst compresses the 41 questionnaire variables (which contain duplication for robustness sake) into 5 success factors. Then, regressions identify which success factors drive the probability of project completion and which factors drive budget and schedule overruns (for the completed projects)..The ec作者: echnic 時間: 2025-3-28 03:36 作者: Substance-Abuse 時間: 2025-3-28 09:17
Two Bridge Projects,od business cases. But the Second Niger Bridge became a pawn of political promises, had insufficient financial assurances and then was stalled after a government change. The Third Mainland Bridge had also been stalled and was rescued by the (military) President for idiosyncratic reasons, but then ru作者: Silent-Ischemia 時間: 2025-3-28 11:48
Two Power Plants,t supported the project (which had a strong value proposition) and saw it through..The second project, the Calabar Power Plant, was a part of a large highly ambitious scheme to build 11 power plants, which ran out of money as well as neglecting critical components of the network surrounding a plant 作者: CAB 時間: 2025-3-28 15:07
Two Express Road Rehabilitation Projects,o widening and refurbishing projects were initiated. The Lagos-Ibadan Road will likely be completed in 2022, but it is not an example of a good project. It was started with a private–public partnership (PPP) scheme, which was then sabotaged after a government change, so funding became unstable leadi作者: 反饋 時間: 2025-3-28 19:58 作者: hermitage 時間: 2025-3-29 01:38 作者: Intentional 時間: 2025-3-29 05:28
Insights and Recommendations,rs across all 11 cases. This summary directly links the statistical success driver constructs from Chap. . with the qualitative characterizations from the case studies..This chapter then gives examples from three other countries of how government project governance was changed over time. These examp作者: Cougar 時間: 2025-3-29 09:59
Conclusion: The Government Responsibility,r what the Nigerian government (and possibly other African governments) might be able to learn from project failures in the past and what they might be able to do about this. But these are technical recommendations that might well be modified and changed—action will depend on political will, and the作者: 檔案 時間: 2025-3-29 11:29
purification of the tagged protein which allows the copurification of all bacterial and phage specific interacting proteins. After SDS-PAGE analysis and an in-gel trypsin digestion, the purified interacting proteins are identified by mass spectrometry analysis. The identification of phage proteins 作者: Consensus 時間: 2025-3-29 18:47 作者: dissent 時間: 2025-3-29 22:52 作者: 恃強(qiáng)凌弱 時間: 2025-3-30 02:22
Jimoh Ibrahim,Christoph Loch,Kishore Senguptaoviding course-based research experiences for freshman undergraduates in the Science Education Alliance Phage Hunters Advancing Genomics and Evolutionary Science (SEA-PHAGES) program. Here, I discuss the essential components of the phage discovery and genomic platform, three different configurations作者: LEER 時間: 2025-3-30 06:50
Jimoh Ibrahim,Christoph Loch,Kishore Sengupta chronic virion extrusion or budding. The lytic mechanism, which is an intracellularly effected, phage-induced lysis of phage-infected bacteria, appears to be far more common among bacteriophages than chronic release. Elsewhere in this volume, lysogenic infections and lysis-mediating phage endolysin作者: 制定 時間: 2025-3-30 11:45
Jimoh Ibrahim,Christoph Loch,Kishore Senguptabiology call for fresh research into phage biology that promises to yield important advances in our understanding of ecology and evolution, our ability to manipulate genetic material, and our investigations into emergent phenomena in systems biology. Here we trace the fundamental and applied discove作者: 敘述 時間: 2025-3-30 12:29 作者: 生銹 時間: 2025-3-30 18:49 作者: Morbid 時間: 2025-3-30 21:33
Jimoh Ibrahim,Christoph Loch,Kishore Senguptan Organization and the United States Environmental Protection Agency for the detection of infectious bacteriophages belonging to these three groups are available. Molecular methods for the detection of some particular phages have also been developed. Here we introduce those methods for the detection作者: Enervate 時間: 2025-3-31 04:36
Jimoh Ibrahim,Christoph Loch,Kishore Senguptagical roles. Phage isolation studies have identified novel phage–host interactions and contributed to the discovery of new phage species. Virus-like particle abundance and lysis rate data, on the other hand, have highlighted the importance of phages in regulating bacterial populations and nutrient c作者: Insufficient 時間: 2025-3-31 08:20
Jimoh Ibrahim,Christoph Loch,Kishore Senguptagical roles. Phage isolation studies have identified novel phage–host interactions and contributed to the discovery of new phage species. Virus-like particle abundance and lysis rate data, on the other hand, have highlighted the importance of phages in regulating bacterial populations and nutrient c
