作者: Derogate 時(shí)間: 2025-3-21 23:40 作者: precede 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 00:31
Triadafilos Triadafilopoulos Ph.D.ger that the instrument might be illiquid, and carries with it acceptance of increased risk (which can be diminished but not eliminated by diversification). Some critics have sought to raise moral hazard concerns, as though countries would stop growing because of the need to share a small part of their gains with their creditors.作者: Detoxification 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 05:38
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-05034-4s be avoided by ensuring reasonably prompt payment of interest due. The way to reconcile prompt payment of interest with accuracy in interest payments is to treat interest revisions as subject to automatic capitalization.作者: dyspareunia 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 10:04 作者: 血統(tǒng) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 13:40
The Costs of GDP-Linked Securities,ger that the instrument might be illiquid, and carries with it acceptance of increased risk (which can be diminished but not eliminated by diversification). Some critics have sought to raise moral hazard concerns, as though countries would stop growing because of the need to share a small part of their gains with their creditors.作者: 血統(tǒng) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 18:01 作者: 控訴 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 23:50
The Disadvantages of Financial Innovation, issuers, but also the fact that the pioneers would have to reckon on a lack of competition to keeping premia down. The latter two factors imply that, even for an advanced country that could expect to benefit in the long run, the optimal strategy may be to avoid giving a lead.作者: Asparagus 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 03:44 作者: ELATE 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 06:03 作者: Ascendancy 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 11:56 作者: 鬼魂 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 14:46
The Benefits of GDP-Linked Securities,r compliance with . and the provision of an instrument which can combine all three of the attributes that ultimate lenders seek: inflation protection, a reasonable measure of stability, and of growth in value. A quantitative exercise shows the value of diversification in reducing the probability of loss.作者: Incorruptible 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 18:04 作者: 種屬關(guān)系 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 22:28 作者: 知識(shí)分子 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 05:33 作者: handle 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 09:20
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-19871-2ome element of automatic (but strictly temporary) transfer, while also giving creditors a stake in the prosperity of debtors. Finally, in view of the concentration of the Bank of England on the RS-model, we decided that it would be worthwhile to attempt to write an alternative term sheet for the BM-variant.作者: V切開 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 13:39
e provision of an anti-cyclical tool; and the feasibility of providing a solution which avoids the danger of the debtor facing large bills as a result of statistical modernization; versus relative stability of the stock price and the avoidance of perverse resource transfers.作者: Radiculopathy 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 15:39 作者: disparage 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 19:32 作者: 最低點(diǎn) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 02:59 作者: Paleontology 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 05:41 作者: 搏斗 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 08:52 作者: 物質(zhì) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 12:24 作者: 厭食癥 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 17:48
Concluding Remarks,DP-linked security is that it enables him/her to express a view on growth prospects. Spontaneous emergence of these assets is not likely, however, since any single-country pioneer has to confront the likely existence of a novelty premium as well as a lack of competition in keeping premia low.作者: 貿(mào)易 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 20:32
Introduction,definition a fixed return. It defines a GDP-linked security as any instrument that pays a rate of return that depends upon GDP or its growth rate. The remainder of the chapter is devoted to outlining the chapters that follow.作者: 反復(fù)無(wú)常 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 00:42
History and Precedents,nt. Some years later Eduardo Borensztein and Paolo Mauro proposed a different version of GDP-linked securities (dubbed BM), and during a meeting in the UN in 2005 Daniel Schydlowsky made yet another proposal (dubbed DS). The chapter recalls the academic debate about these proposals. Meanwhile the fi作者: MAIM 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 08:08
The Variants of GDP-Linked Securities,like a conventional bond; the . varies positively with the increase in GDP. In a DS-variant the charge to the debtor is as in a BM-variant, but the part paid over to the creditor is as in a plain vanilla loan; the balance is capitalized. It looks as though BM changes more than RS in response to a qu作者: cornucopia 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 10:03
The Benefits of GDP-Linked Securities,k is shifted to lenders; a reduction in the danger of default; certain growth-linked securities have valuable anti-cyclical fiscal properties; it expands fiscal space; GDP-linked securities have a particular attraction for countries that have entered a monetary union; finally, it may ease the task o作者: 污點(diǎn) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 14:13 作者: Derogate 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 18:04
Topics in the Demand for GDP-Linked Securities,lims. Islamic law prescribes four characteristics for financial assets before they can be deemed to earn the adjective “Islamic.” The most famous is that they should avoid .. Many Islamic scholars argue that elimination of . implies avoidance of any and all interest payments. This explains why those作者: Immunotherapy 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 22:38
Topics in the Supply of GDP-Linked Securities,ket is likely to be dominated by sovereigns, who have both a need to borrow and an incentive, inasmuch as they are held responsible for anti-cyclical policy. It is also argued that countries committed to monetary union would be advised to express their mutual debts in this way, since this provides s作者: Amenable 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 03:07
GDP Revisions,ficial statistics. This deprives GDP-linked securities of an unambiguous base. There are three possible sources of ambiguities. One consists of the routine adjustments of GDP statistics that follow publication, motivated by the receipt of additional information. A second is bad faith on the part of 作者: 不透明 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 05:25 作者: 暴露他抗議 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 10:14 作者: 金桌活畫面 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 16:23 作者: 混合 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 19:50 作者: 積極詞匯 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 00:36
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-84205-3definition a fixed return. It defines a GDP-linked security as any instrument that pays a rate of return that depends upon GDP or its growth rate. The remainder of the chapter is devoted to outlining the chapters that follow.作者: Chemotherapy 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 04:01 作者: 野蠻 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 08:18 作者: 悲痛 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 12:28 作者: 使隔離 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 14:47 作者: Mitigate 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 19:46 作者: 虛情假意 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 23:33
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-19871-2ket is likely to be dominated by sovereigns, who have both a need to borrow and an incentive, inasmuch as they are held responsible for anti-cyclical policy. It is also argued that countries committed to monetary union would be advised to express their mutual debts in this way, since this provides s作者: Cloudburst 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 07:04
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-94312-1ficial statistics. This deprives GDP-linked securities of an unambiguous base. There are three possible sources of ambiguities. One consists of the routine adjustments of GDP statistics that follow publication, motivated by the receipt of additional information. A second is bad faith on the part of 作者: 群居動(dòng)物 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 10:22
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-05034-4porting of GDP statistics. The book reports one study (of two countries) of this, which concluded that the danger is a real one that could nevertheless be avoided by ensuring reasonably prompt payment of interest due. The way to reconcile prompt payment of interest with accuracy in interest payments作者: 障礙物 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 13:21
not benefit from increased growth of the debtor. DS adds to liquidity, but not solvency. As regards the choice between RS and BM, it is argued that BM leads 3–2; but, more significant than the quantitative lead, is the areas in which BM leads. These are: a probable lead in preventing bankruptcy; th作者: TIGER 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 16:31
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90857-1t that many of the benefits of issue are externalities, and the likely existence not only of a novelty premium that would have to be paid by the first issuers, but also the fact that the pioneers would have to reckon on a lack of competition to keeping premia down. The latter two factors imply that,作者: ingrate 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 22:53
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-26286-0 loan (the half advantage being a benefit that is only secured by one of the two principal types of GDP-linked security): the debtor is less likely to be unable to service its debts, and it is aided in running an anti-cyclical policy. From the standpoint of the investor, the great advantage of the G作者: dialect 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 00:56 作者: 臨時(shí)抱佛腳 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 06:27 作者: 縱欲 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 11:50 作者: TOXIN 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 12:32
Fungi in Medicine,ic; when you have a slight injury, you take an antibiotic, “in case of complication.” It’s all become so trivial and ordinary. But the changes created by the immediate availability of antibiotics were far from trivial. For the first time in human history, they brought freedom from fear of inevitable作者: 無(wú)法取消 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 19:55
The Framework of Government Controlführen lassen. Die letzteren sind oft entgegengesetzt zu dem intuitiven Konzept, entziehen sich der Beobachtung und bereiten experimentell Schwierigkeiten. So stellte sich beispielsweise heraus, da? es sich bei der Temperatur in einem Gas blo? um die kinetische Energie der Moleküle handelt, aus dene
