作者: 不要嚴酷 時間: 2025-3-21 23:20
Inês Santos Almeida,Luís F. Motadamental works on laser annealing of ion-implanted layers [1] and concluding with attempts at direct control of growth in the most contemporary variants of epitaxial technology. The physics of processes occurring during the pulse have been studied for a number of years while the search for specific 作者: 裝勇敢地做 時間: 2025-3-22 03:29
True ,: Uprooting , in Post-Duvalier Haiti,sition from the vapor phase, the adsorbed particles form a two-dimensional vapor on the substrate surface [1] or a two-dimensional liquid layer [2]. The condensed phase is formed primarily from these. The adhesion energy determines its distribution on the substrate. If the surface energy of the prec作者: hankering 時間: 2025-3-22 07:27
Paul H. Elovitz Ph.D.,Mohammed Shaalan M.D.tional annealing of polycrystalline specimens [1, 2]. Analogous effects can also be observed in thin-film structures. Ievlev at al. [3] discuss elastic interaction of the film with the substrate during heteroepitaxy. They note that in certain cases the film growth in a nonepitaxial orientation can b作者: 寄生蟲 時間: 2025-3-22 12:32 作者: abolish 時間: 2025-3-22 16:03
a stable crystalline state. In the overwhelming majority of cases, this relaxation is accompanied by release of heat and a change of specific volume, i.e., it is a first-order phase transition. However, it occurs far from conditions of phase equilibrium and includes mechanisms of crystal generation 作者: abolish 時間: 2025-3-22 17:14 作者: Transfusion 時間: 2025-3-23 00:27
https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230336681hralski method. The composition of the most perfect of these, most frequently used in technology, is not stoichiometric relative to the molar concentrations of lithium and niobium. A lithium deficit in the amount of ~1.4 mole % occurs in them [2]. The chemical formula of the crystals is more accurat作者: Glucocorticoids 時間: 2025-3-23 04:39
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-17962-6ution. The overwhelming majority of studies of dissolution and precipitation of a dissolved substance follows a classical scheme. The change of volume and shape of a crystalline substance dissolved in the surrounding liquid is followed for the given degree of nonequilibrium (unsaturation or supersat作者: ingestion 時間: 2025-3-23 07:49 作者: 飛行員 時間: 2025-3-23 13:05 作者: 昏迷狀態(tài) 時間: 2025-3-23 16:14
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-7488-3fabricate miniature lasers [1, 2]. A method was developed for preparation of REP as single crystals from highly concentrated aqueous solutions of phosphoric acids at 300–700°C [1–6]. Yoshimura et al. [7] classify growth of REP single crystals under these conditions as a hydrothermal method, although作者: Mutter 時間: 2025-3-23 19:04 作者: 馬賽克 時間: 2025-3-23 23:27 作者: OCTO 時間: 2025-3-24 06:16 作者: 手術刀 時間: 2025-3-24 09:49
Structural and Phase Transformations in Films Deposited Using Laser Plasmagree of supersaturation, deposition rate, thermal regime, and vapor phase composition. Pulsed laser film deposition is very effective in this area since ultrapure conditions of vacuum preparation can be achieved and high temperatures, vaporization of high-melting materials, and high deposition rates作者: 食道 時間: 2025-3-24 10:40
Melting and Crystallization of Semiconductors Using Pulsed Lasersdamental works on laser annealing of ion-implanted layers [1] and concluding with attempts at direct control of growth in the most contemporary variants of epitaxial technology. The physics of processes occurring during the pulse have been studied for a number of years while the search for specific 作者: 我沒有命令 時間: 2025-3-24 15:31 作者: DEI 時間: 2025-3-24 22:12 作者: MAZE 時間: 2025-3-24 23:39
Solid-State Transformations Induced by Boundary Migrationsll specifics of low-temperature formation of new phases in such systems are related to the decisive role of diffusion along grain boundaries. The bulk density of these grains in finely crystalline systems formed under conditions of highly disrupted equilibrium is 3–4 orders of magnitude higher than 作者: irreparable 時間: 2025-3-25 05:59
Explosive Crystallization of Amorphous Substances with Fixed Crystallitesa stable crystalline state. In the overwhelming majority of cases, this relaxation is accompanied by release of heat and a change of specific volume, i.e., it is a first-order phase transition. However, it occurs far from conditions of phase equilibrium and includes mechanisms of crystal generation 作者: 免除責任 時間: 2025-3-25 08:42 作者: 爭議的蘋果 時間: 2025-3-25 11:51
Decomposition of a Solid Solution on the Surface of Lithium Niobate Crystals: Structure, Morphology,hralski method. The composition of the most perfect of these, most frequently used in technology, is not stoichiometric relative to the molar concentrations of lithium and niobium. A lithium deficit in the amount of ~1.4 mole % occurs in them [2]. The chemical formula of the crystals is more accurat作者: tackle 時間: 2025-3-25 15:59 作者: 易受刺激 時間: 2025-3-25 23:14
Structural Analogs of α-Quartz — Aluminum and Gallium OrthophosphatesTherefore, they exhibit piezoelectric properties. Crystals of a single structural type with different chemical composition can have physical parameters differentiating them somewhat from each other. Comparative study of such characteristics is hampered by the lack of single crystals suitable for phy作者: APEX 時間: 2025-3-26 00:26
Growth Rate Problems of KDP Type Single Crystalsre especially widely used in cases where the size of the transverse cross section of the light beam is measured in units and tens of centimeters since the crystals grown from solution are the best available with respect to maximal dimension with retention of the required optical quality. This holds 作者: 減弱不好 時間: 2025-3-26 08:19 作者: 整潔 時間: 2025-3-26 09:40
Impurity Diffusion in a Crystal Growing Near the Stepped Interfacial Surface equilibrium coefficient ... The impurity surface concentration can be expected to have a value intermediate between the concentrations in the two adjacent phases. Therefore, the inequilibrium .. >> .. should be fulfilled for impurities with small ... If the interfacial surface is stepped (vicinal),作者: Demonstrate 時間: 2025-3-26 16:30 作者: affluent 時間: 2025-3-26 20:06
Cellular Substructures in Single Crystalline Solid Solutions of Inorganic Fluorides Having the Fluore typical dissipative structures [1–4]. Theoretical and practical aspects of cellular structure generation have been extensively investigated (for example, [5–25]). Cellular crystals are often unsuitable for such practical uses as optics because of their inhomogeneity.作者: Cerebrovascular 時間: 2025-3-26 21:36 作者: 芭蕾舞女演員 時間: 2025-3-27 02:53 作者: Sigmoidoscopy 時間: 2025-3-27 07:18 作者: 樸素 時間: 2025-3-27 12:31
Cellular Substructures in Single Crystalline Solid Solutions of Inorganic Fluorides Having the Fluore typical dissipative structures [1–4]. Theoretical and practical aspects of cellular structure generation have been extensively investigated (for example, [5–25]). Cellular crystals are often unsuitable for such practical uses as optics because of their inhomogeneity.作者: 對待 時間: 2025-3-27 17:07 作者: 笨拙的你 時間: 2025-3-27 18:26
Photostimulated EpitaxyPhotostimulated epitaxy is one of the promising methods for preparing films of group III–V, II–VI, and IV–VI compounds in a hydrogen atmosphere. The method consists essentially of irradiation of the charge, the substrate surface, and the gaseous volume with focused radiation from a xenon lamp with a wavelength between 0.2–1.2 μm [1].作者: Adrenaline 時間: 2025-3-28 00:33 作者: 使害羞 時間: 2025-3-28 03:31 作者: aspersion 時間: 2025-3-28 09:42 作者: CURB 時間: 2025-3-28 11:30
Growth of Single Crystals of Rare Earth Phosphatesh a water vapor pressure of several hundreds of atmospheres is typical. However, considering the specifics of the method for preparation of single crystals of REP in phosphoric acid solutions at high temperature, it should be viewed as an independent route different from the hydrothermal one.作者: 爭吵 時間: 2025-3-28 15:44 作者: 玷污 時間: 2025-3-28 19:46 作者: MILL 時間: 2025-3-29 02:24 作者: Ascendancy 時間: 2025-3-29 05:21
https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95013-3medium (. = 10.?10. W/cm.), and high (. = 10.?10. W/cm.) power densities. As a rule, semiconductors and dielectrics are more extensively vaporized using a laser in a millisecond mode, whereas metals require nanosecond pulses. The difference in their thermal conductivity coefficients explains this [1]. Vaporization has an explosive nature.作者: 支形吊燈 時間: 2025-3-29 10:11 作者: labile 時間: 2025-3-29 14:04
Politics and Public Policy in Scotlandional paths. However, investigation of thin films and fine powders in the 1980’s revealed that not only phase nonequilibria but also morphological, structural, and substructural nonequilibria play a substantial role in the growth of new phases. As a result, growth occurs on a background of morphological relaxation (for example, recrystallization).作者: Neolithic 時間: 2025-3-29 17:23
https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230336681identification of a second monoclinic phase LiNb.O. upon cooling grown crystals below the limit of the monophasic region or during their heat treatment [3, 4]. Decomposition of supersaturated solid solutions is studied in detail for metallic alloys [5, 6] and much less for crystals of complicated compounds.作者: 桶去微染 時間: 2025-3-29 21:49 作者: gastritis 時間: 2025-3-30 02:06 作者: 不如屎殼郎 時間: 2025-3-30 05:05 作者: Leaven 時間: 2025-3-30 11:54 作者: Fallibility 時間: 2025-3-30 12:53 作者: SPECT 時間: 2025-3-30 17:21 作者: fetter 時間: 2025-3-30 22:11
Growth of Polycrystalline Germanium Films on Insulating Substrateshe condensed phase is formed primarily from these. The adhesion energy determines its distribution on the substrate. If the surface energy of the precipitated substance exceeds the energy of its bond to the substrate, then the condensate accumulates into three-dimensional island aggregates [3].作者: 纖細 時間: 2025-3-31 02:15
Explosive Crystallization of Amorphous Substances with Fixed Crystallitesi.e., it is a first-order phase transition. However, it occurs far from conditions of phase equilibrium and includes mechanisms of crystal generation and growth. The kinetics of such a transformation have features in common with other cases of metastable phase decomposition and can be analyzed on the basis of the approach formulated by Volmer [1].作者: Ablation 時間: 2025-3-31 07:50
Growth Rate Problems of KDP Type Single Crystals the crystals grown from solution are the best available with respect to maximal dimension with retention of the required optical quality. This holds for a number of single crystals having physical properties suitable for use in laser technology.作者: Antagonism 時間: 2025-3-31 11:15 作者: 灰心喪氣 時間: 2025-3-31 17:13
Conflict Resolution under the First Bourbonsn of the amorphous solution at which the amorphous phase still does not lose its stability; and what crystalline phase separates first in the course of the solid-state reactions. Analogous questions are posed during investigation of solid-state reactions in multilayered crystalline systems [1].作者: VERT 時間: 2025-3-31 17:46
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-17962-6uration). In certain studies, the procedure described involves an artificial leveling of the concentration inhomogeneity at the crystal—solution interface that accompanies dissolution and growth of a crystal. In particular, the leveling is achieved by forced stirring of the solution surrounding the crystal.作者: Tempor 時間: 2025-4-1 00:18
Melting and Crystallization of Semiconductors Using Pulsed Lasersmethods and procedures of laser treatment of semiconductors for practical purposes continues. Recently, dynamic processes have increasingly been studied by such structurally sensitive methods as synchrotron radiation with nanosecond time resolution, electron diffraction with picosecond resolution, and several others.作者: Conspiracy 時間: 2025-4-1 05:53
Growth of Crystals in Films with an Amorphous Component During Solid-State Reactionsn of the amorphous solution at which the amorphous phase still does not lose its stability; and what crystalline phase separates first in the course of the solid-state reactions. Analogous questions are posed during investigation of solid-state reactions in multilayered crystalline systems [1].
