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作者: Twinge    時(shí)間: 2025-3-21 16:21
書目名稱Group Sequential and Confirmatory Adaptive Designs in Clinical Trials影響因子(影響力)




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作者: 令人不快    時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 00:12
Group Sequential and Confirmatory Adaptive Designs in Clinical Trials
作者: Habituate    時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 04:19
Adaptive Group Sequential Teststhis chapter on two-stage adaptive designs with an adaptation of the sample size, although the method allows for other types of adaptations such as changing test statistics or changing hypotheses, as well as for the multi-stage generalization.
作者: 損壞    時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 07:23
Repeated Significance Testst with a brief historical survey of group sequential tests. The notation and the construction of statistical tests that are based on the repeated significance testing approach are described in the following section. We then address the basic issues—power and average sample size—for the assessment of
作者: Pedagogy    時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 09:28

作者: 召集    時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 15:11
Procedures with Unequally Sized Stagesf using the decision boundaries designed for equally sized stages to the more general case of unequally sized stages. We also briefly describe a worst case scenario adjustment procedure. We then sketch the use of designs with prefixed sample sizes that need not to be equal to each other. A more gene
作者: 召集    時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 20:56

作者: 中古    時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 21:52
Applicationsclinical trials. These are one- and two-sample tests for normally distributed observations where the variance .. is unknown, one- and two-sample tests for binary data, and statistical inference on time-to-event (survival) data. For survival data analysis, we will slightly modify the notation in orde
作者: 傷心    時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 04:53

作者: 鞭打    時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 09:23
Decision Tools for Adaptive Designsal is continued, how to design the remainder of the trial. This raises the important question of how to make the decisions on potential design modifications. On the one hand, such decisions require suitable methods and statistics to summarize the relevant information from the interim data, and there
作者: defray    時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 13:38

作者: 散開    時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 15:24
Adaptive Designs with Survival Data method, the Fisher’s combination test approach, and some extensions of the conditional error rate principle. In this chapter we focus on the combination testing approach and briefly describe some problems that might arise in adaptive survival trials.
作者: Trigger-Point    時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 18:15
Multiple Testing in Adaptive Designsirst describe the various sources of multiplicity which can arise in such trial designs. To avoid an inflation of the overall Type I error rate beyond a pre-specified significance level ., such considerations have to be taken into account. In Sect.?. we review the closure principle, which is a power
作者: 成份    時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 23:34
Applications and Case Studieswith multiple treatment arms where, based on interim results, one or more arms are selected. The second is the design where one or more pre-specified subsets of a population are selected for further investigation, the latter designs are called .. The combination testing principle together with the c
作者: Demonstrate    時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 04:53
Perspektiven der Arrhythmiebehandlungt with a brief historical survey of group sequential tests. The notation and the construction of statistical tests that are based on the repeated significance testing approach are described in the following section. We then address the basic issues—power and average sample size—for the assessment of
作者: AROMA    時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 07:11
Nike Pla?meier,Gerald A. Strakaocedures that were originally developed in the literature (which we refer to as classical group sequential designs) make this assumption. In practice, the situation with equally sized stages often occurs. Namely, in all cases when there is no specific reason for assuming different stage sizes the sa
作者: 季雨    時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 13:27
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90637-9f using the decision boundaries designed for equally sized stages to the more general case of unequally sized stages. We also briefly describe a worst case scenario adjustment procedure. We then sketch the use of designs with prefixed sample sizes that need not to be equal to each other. A more gene
作者: 加花粗鄙人    時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 15:22

作者: BUMP    時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 19:25
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-85101-7clinical trials. These are one- and two-sample tests for normally distributed observations where the variance .. is unknown, one- and two-sample tests for binary data, and statistical inference on time-to-event (survival) data. For survival data analysis, we will slightly modify the notation in orde
作者: CULP    時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 00:55
Norbert Rippberger,Heinz Karrascheffect and corresponding sample sizes may be reassessed at an interim analysis from unblinded interim data. In this case designs are required that guarantee Type I error rate control. Bauer (Biometrie und Informatik in Medizin und Biologie 20:130–148, 1989) and Bauer and K?hne (Biometrics 50:1029–10
作者: Patrimony    時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 06:42
Jungen als Opfer sexueller Gewalt,al is continued, how to design the remainder of the trial. This raises the important question of how to make the decisions on potential design modifications. On the one hand, such decisions require suitable methods and statistics to summarize the relevant information from the interim data, and there
作者: 凹處    時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 08:05

作者: 消息靈通    時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 12:35

作者: consent    時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 19:07
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-85097-3irst describe the various sources of multiplicity which can arise in such trial designs. To avoid an inflation of the overall Type I error rate beyond a pre-specified significance level ., such considerations have to be taken into account. In Sect.?. we review the closure principle, which is a power
作者: Gyrate    時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 22:56
Perspektiven der Nachhaltigkeitwith multiple treatment arms where, based on interim results, one or more arms are selected. The second is the design where one or more pre-specified subsets of a population are selected for further investigation, the latter designs are called .. The combination testing principle together with the c
作者: initiate    時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 02:24
Group Sequential and Confirmatory Adaptive Designs in Clinical Trials978-3-319-32562-0Series ISSN 2366-8695 Series E-ISSN 2366-8709
作者: 材料等    時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 04:21

作者: FLORA    時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 12:16
Adaptive Designs with Survival Data method, the Fisher’s combination test approach, and some extensions of the conditional error rate principle. In this chapter we focus on the combination testing approach and briefly describe some problems that might arise in adaptive survival trials.
作者: adumbrate    時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 13:10

作者: 精確    時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 19:59
Perspektiven der Arrhythmiebehandlungcumulation. This formula is due to Armitage et al. (Journal of the Royal Statistical Society A 132:235–244, 1969) and McPherson and Armitage (Journal of the Royal Statistical Society A 134:15–25, 1971) and is introduced in Sect.?1.4.
作者: BARK    時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 21:35

作者: forebear    時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 05:00

作者: 高興一回    時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 09:00
Perspektiven der Kognitiven Linguistik by showing how to construct overall .-values for adaptive designs. In a sense, this is the generalization of the approaches discussed in Chap.?. for the adaptive case. The focus of this chapter is on adaptive designs with a single interim analysis. This can be easily extended for the multi-stage case.
作者: Spinal-Fusion    時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 12:35
Perspektiven der Nachhaltigkeitre used in practice. We then discuss other types of adaptations that were discussed in the literature. In the last section of this chapter, we briefly discuss the added logistical and regulatory complexity when performing adaptive designs.
作者: 魯莽    時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 17:16
Repeated Significance Testscumulation. This formula is due to Armitage et al. (Journal of the Royal Statistical Society A 132:235–244, 1969) and McPherson and Armitage (Journal of the Royal Statistical Society A 134:15–25, 1971) and is introduced in Sect.?1.4.
作者: 材料等    時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 17:52
Procedures with Equally Sized Stagessiatis (Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference 42:19–35, 1994)symmetric design. The one-sided testing in group sequential designs is then described, together with a discussion of the stopping for futility issue in sequential designs. A note on two-sided tests in group sequential designs finalizes the chapter.
作者: 時(shí)代    時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 01:38
Confidence Intervals, ,-Values, and Point Estimation1, we present confidence intervals and .-. both for analyses at the end of trial as well as a means for monitoring a group sequential trial. Point estimates, which mainly can be used in both situations, are presented in Sect.?4.2.
作者: OATH    時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 05:39
Estimation and ,-Values for Two-Stage Adaptive Designs by showing how to construct overall .-values for adaptive designs. In a sense, this is the generalization of the approaches discussed in Chap.?. for the adaptive case. The focus of this chapter is on adaptive designs with a single interim analysis. This can be easily extended for the multi-stage case.
作者: 敵手    時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 09:21
Applications and Case Studiesre used in practice. We then discuss other types of adaptations that were discussed in the literature. In the last section of this chapter, we briefly discuss the added logistical and regulatory complexity when performing adaptive designs.
作者: 憲法沒有    時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 10:27
Applications for binary data, and statistical inference on time-to-event (survival) data. For survival data analysis, we will slightly modify the notation in order to account for the different meaning of “information” in this case.
作者: 俗艷    時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 14:53
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90637-9ral approach is provided by the use of the .-.. This more sophisticated approach can handle unpredictable sample sizes per stage and we will see that even the maximum number of stages, ., need not be fixed in advance when using this approach. The extension to the .-..
作者: 說明    時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 20:38
Procedures with Unequally Sized Stagesral approach is provided by the use of the .-.. This more sophisticated approach can handle unpredictable sample sizes per stage and we will see that even the maximum number of stages, ., need not be fixed in advance when using this approach. The extension to the .-..
作者: Customary    時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 02:35

作者: 僵硬    時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 06:32

作者: TOXIC    時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 07:28
Decision Tools for Adaptive Designss or at least guidance on how to use this information for the interim decisions, for example, a guidance when a sample size modification should take place. In this chapter the use of conditional power for providing sample size recalculations is introduced. We remain focused on designs with a single null hypothesis.
作者: 音樂等    時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 14:59
Multiple Testing in Adaptive Designsed sample design. In Sect.?. we then describe the core methodology to test adaptively multiple hypotheses by using adaptive combination tests, which essentially apply the methods described in the previous chapters to the closure principle. The resulting methods are very general and allow for flexible adaptations of hypotheses at interim.
作者: 膝蓋    時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 18:43

作者: FOR    時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 22:52
Sadao Mori,Howard G. Barth organelle or compartment to be examined allowed a great deal of information to be gained, in the past, on biomolecular structures and kinetics (Udenfried, 1969). Flow cytometry, which has become such an important methodology for auto mated cytology, is just an example of the extent to which the flu
作者: diskitis    時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 01:34





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