作者: ANTH 時(shí)間: 2025-3-21 23:25
Social Forces and Enlightened Policies,al forces — perhaps as the result of pressure exerted from below by a class or classes or groups, perhaps as the outcome of less easily identified but more fundamental economic and social tendencies. To take a distinguished example, Albert Soboul, one of the most notable Marxist historians of the Fr作者: concert 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 04:05
The Italian Reformers, peninsula, divisions which make satisfactory generalisation almost impossible. The most obvious aspect of these divisions was the splitting of Italy into a considerable number of separate states, many of them with long and proud histories of their own. All these states were now weak, most of them v作者: Inoperable 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 06:21
Pombal: the Paradox of Enlightenment and Despotism,ty: especially those liberties enshrined in the United States Constitution and the Bill of Rights, rights which have as their fundamental objective the protection of the individual from the state. But in Central, Eastern and Southern Europe, the Enlightenment was more often married to Absolutism tha作者: induct 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 11:35
Charles III of Spain,cross the Atlantic and most of the Americas to the Philippines, was subjected to a series of reforms. These aimed to recover Spain’s military power and diplomatic position, to achieve economic growth, and to ensure domestic stability, and reached their peak during the reign of Charles III (1759–88).作者: Intrepid 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 13:45
,Reform in the Habsburg Monarchy, 1740–90,mperor has often appeared the very exemplar of a monarch inspired by the Enlightenment. His religious, educational and, above all, agrarian reforms were certainly noteworthy, and he even attempted to reform the institution of serfdom. Yet the opposition and, ultimately, rebellion which his policies 作者: Intrepid 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 20:02
Maria Theresa and Hungary,ly beleaguered by a hostile alliance of five European states. Over the next decades, especially after the temporary peace of 1748, and then between the final peace of 1763 and up to her death in 1780, her measures were piecemeal, but remarkably concrete and far-reaching, modernising and consolidatin作者: 法律 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 23:51
Joseph II and Nationality in the Habsburg Lands, during the 1780s, and the origins of that dominant nineteenth-century issue which ultimately destroyed the Habsburg Monarchy, might seem an obvious and by now otiose duty. There is a huge literature, much of it recent and perceptive, on both Josephinism and nationality. Yet with the squarely metrop作者: gorgeous 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 02:07 作者: 哀悼 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 07:03
The Danish Reformers,sation of state revenues, liberalisation of internal trade and guild regulation, and development of economic resources, important though these naturally were to most European governments at the time. In keeping with the influence of the Enlightenment, Danish reformers also sought to improve educatio作者: admission 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 11:10 作者: 消息靈通 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 17:56 作者: 歡樂東方 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 18:42
ounter. Each volume, devoted to a central topic or theme, co?Each book in this series is designed to make available to students important new work on key historical problems and periods that they encounter. Each volume, devoted to a central topic or theme, contains specially comisssioned essays from作者: Blatant 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 00:31 作者: 嚙齒動(dòng)物 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 04:28 作者: Hemiplegia 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 06:56 作者: Parley 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 12:54
Joseph II and Nationality in the Habsburg Lands,other. I cannot evidently begin to do justice to their juxtaposition now: instead I offer the barest sketch of the terrain, a kind of preliminary land-survey, whose fate (like that of Joseph’s) may be instant combustion.作者: organism 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 15:11
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36731-1became a systematic and rational attempt to apply the best recent knowledge to the task of ruling, while the main aim of internal policy came to be the improvement of educational opportunities, social conditions and economic life.作者: 哺乳動(dòng)物 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 19:30
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60255-0aroused, and the withdrawal of many of the more controversial innovations in the final months of his life or immediately after his death in February 1790, have sometimes made Joseph II appear a paradigm for the failure and even irrelevance of enlightened absolutism.作者: 節(jié)約 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 01:35
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42034-9all changed. We now realise that many of the German regimes were as committed to introducing Enlightenment ideas and benevolent government as were the dynastic ‘Big Three’ of enlightened absolutism — Joseph II, Frederick the Great and Catherine the Great — themselves German-born monarchs who had sprung from the same cultural heritage.作者: 叫喊 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 06:24
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33908-0 acquaintance with Prussia in the eighteenth century appears to have led Miss Behrens herself to change her mind, for she has now written, in a recent study, that ‘the ideology of the Prussian Enlightenment… was the ideology of the King himself’.作者: Frisky 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 08:34
Textbook 1990Latest editionh volume, devoted to a central topic or theme, contains specially comisssioned essays from scholars in the relevant field. These provide an assessment of a particular aspect, pointing out areas of development and controversy and indicating where conclusions can be drawn or where further work is nece作者: PHONE 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 13:55 作者: Legion 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 17:15
Hermann-Josef Blanke,Ricardo Perlingeirooduct of those eastern European societies which experienced in the early modern period ‘the second enserfment’, that is, a strengthening of landlord domination over the peasantry.’ Other historians have explained enlightened absolutism as an effect or a concomitant of industrialisation — or of ‘proto-industrialisation’.作者: 星星 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 21:31 作者: Interlocking 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 03:54 作者: 潛移默化 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 05:18 作者: debris 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 10:48
Maria Theresa and Hungary,ttired in Hungarian style (white, with gold braid and blue floral decoration), she made a direct and emotional appeal to the assembled nobles, and evoked their famous offer of physical sacrifice, amid the general cry of ‘.’.作者: hemoglobin 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 13:42
The Danish Reformers, usage and with relations between peasant and landowner, but above all because the reforms carried out in the later 1780s — uniquely in later-eighteenth-century Europe — actually worked as intended, and survived the revolutionary period.作者: Fortuitous 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 20:50 作者: 逢迎白雪 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 22:12 作者: Bumble 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 04:13 作者: chemoprevention 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 08:51 作者: fiction 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 09:52
Textbook 1990Latest editionssary, while an editorial introduction reviews the problem or period as a whole. In this text the contributors assess reform and reformers in late 18th century Europe, covering such topics as Catherine the Great, the Danish reformers, the Habsburg Monarchy and events in Spain and Italy.作者: badinage 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 15:13
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36731-1 form, the theory of enlightened absolutism asserted that during the second half of the eighteenth century the domestic policies of most European states were influenced and even dictated by the ideas of the Enlightenment and were therefore sharply distinguished from what had gone before. Government 作者: ORBIT 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 19:57
Hermann-Josef Blanke,Ricardo Perlingeiroal forces — perhaps as the result of pressure exerted from below by a class or classes or groups, perhaps as the outcome of less easily identified but more fundamental economic and social tendencies. To take a distinguished example, Albert Soboul, one of the most notable Marxist historians of the Fr作者: iodides 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 22:22 作者: 紳士 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 05:43
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32388-1ty: especially those liberties enshrined in the United States Constitution and the Bill of Rights, rights which have as their fundamental objective the protection of the individual from the state. But in Central, Eastern and Southern Europe, the Enlightenment was more often married to Absolutism tha作者: cardiovascular 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 09:06
https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137468116cross the Atlantic and most of the Americas to the Philippines, was subjected to a series of reforms. These aimed to recover Spain’s military power and diplomatic position, to achieve economic growth, and to ensure domestic stability, and reached their peak during the reign of Charles III (1759–88).作者: Minuet 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 12:47
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60255-0mperor has often appeared the very exemplar of a monarch inspired by the Enlightenment. His religious, educational and, above all, agrarian reforms were certainly noteworthy, and he even attempted to reform the institution of serfdom. Yet the opposition and, ultimately, rebellion which his policies 作者: 不利 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 17:11
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-014-5ly beleaguered by a hostile alliance of five European states. Over the next decades, especially after the temporary peace of 1748, and then between the final peace of 1763 and up to her death in 1780, her measures were piecemeal, but remarkably concrete and far-reaching, modernising and consolidatin作者: 金桌活畫面 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 19:56
https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59957-5 during the 1780s, and the origins of that dominant nineteenth-century issue which ultimately destroyed the Habsburg Monarchy, might seem an obvious and by now otiose duty. There is a huge literature, much of it recent and perceptive, on both Josephinism and nationality. Yet with the squarely metrop作者: instill 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 00:27 作者: Glucocorticoids 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 06:00
The Right to Wear Religious Symbolssation of state revenues, liberalisation of internal trade and guild regulation, and development of economic resources, important though these naturally were to most European governments at the time. In keeping with the influence of the Enlightenment, Danish reformers also sought to improve educatio作者: Preamble 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 09:07 作者: 規(guī)范就好 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 12:39 作者: Adj異類的 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 15:34
Macmillan Publishers Limited 1990作者: 乳白光 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 20:10
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20592-9absolutism; enlightened absolutism; Europe; reform作者: ALIBI 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 02:59 作者: CLAP 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 04:18
Problems in Focushttp://image.papertrans.cn/e/image/311349.jpg作者: braggadocio 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 10:40
