標(biāo)題: Titlebook: Embassies to China; Diplomacy and Cultur Michael Keevak Book 2017 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2017 Embassies to premode [打印本頁] 作者: CHARY 時間: 2025-3-21 16:46
書目名稱Embassies to China影響因子(影響力)
書目名稱Embassies to China影響因子(影響力)學(xué)科排名
書目名稱Embassies to China網(wǎng)絡(luò)公開度
書目名稱Embassies to China網(wǎng)絡(luò)公開度學(xué)科排名
書目名稱Embassies to China被引頻次
書目名稱Embassies to China被引頻次學(xué)科排名
書目名稱Embassies to China年度引用
書目名稱Embassies to China年度引用學(xué)科排名
書目名稱Embassies to China讀者反饋
書目名稱Embassies to China讀者反饋學(xué)科排名
作者: innate 時間: 2025-3-21 22:35
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3972-0Embassies to premodern China; Comparative history of China and the West; Premodern Chinese-European r作者: 粘 時間: 2025-3-22 01:56 作者: 哥哥噴涌而出 時間: 2025-3-22 07:11
http://image.papertrans.cn/e/image/307878.jpg作者: 松果 時間: 2025-3-22 12:46
978-981-13-5012-2The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2017作者: 恩惠 時間: 2025-3-22 15:02
Video- und Computerspiele-Management,, and Russia between 1248 and 1720. Each of these embassies centered around a particular Western request that did not translate very well into the Chinese world including peace, empire, trade, religion, and diplomacy. The two sides were frequently at odds with each other and the embassies failed, bu作者: 恩惠 時間: 2025-3-22 20:26 作者: 在前面 時間: 2025-3-22 22:16
Spielen Journalisten eine politische Rolle?ch at its height encompassed seaports stretching from West Africa to Japan. They expected to monopolize all international trade and tried to mark their new territory by setting up a . or stone marker, as well as to build fortifications that they could defend by force of arms. But China had a very di作者: 細胞學(xué) 時間: 2025-3-23 02:16
Zur Wahl eines metatheoretischen Konzepts, two countries. But in China the notion of free trade did not exist. The only way to engage in trade was to be registered as a tribute-bearing nation, which entailed an implicit acknowledgment of Chinese cultural superiority and the performance of a complex series of ritual acts, including the kowto作者: STAT 時間: 2025-3-23 07:22
Miriam Meckel,Klaus Kamps,Werner Gepharthristians lived in nearly every region of the empire. The stated aim was to thank the emperor and to ask for permission to establish a superior general who would live in Beijing and oversee all missionary affairs. Far from strengthening the Christian presence in China, however, the embassies caused 作者: 捏造 時間: 2025-3-23 10:48 作者: 協(xié)議 時間: 2025-3-23 15:25
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-92573-2n sending local Chinese or Manchu officials, however, the Chinese government chose Jesuit missionaries instead, under the pretext that they were more familiar with Western languages and Western customs. But these were not really embassies in the Western sense of that term, since while on occasion Ch作者: sterilization 時間: 2025-3-23 18:47 作者: 虛構(gòu)的東西 時間: 2025-3-23 22:42
,Making “Peace” with the East,tern and Central Asia and were also posing a very real threat to Christian Europe. Soon they would become emperors of China as well. The Europeans asked the Mongols to stop their invasions and to convert to Christianity, but both requests were unequivocally refused. At issue was the West’s notion of作者: hemorrhage 時間: 2025-3-24 05:58
,Portugal and “Empire”,ch at its height encompassed seaports stretching from West Africa to Japan. They expected to monopolize all international trade and tried to mark their new territory by setting up a . or stone marker, as well as to build fortifications that they could defend by force of arms. But China had a very di作者: bizarre 時間: 2025-3-24 08:48 作者: Culpable 時間: 2025-3-24 11:17 作者: falsehood 時間: 2025-3-24 18:34
,Russia and “Diplomacy”,o other “western ocean” countries, the Russians were treated exceptionally well: they were granted frequent trading privileges, they signed two peace treaties, and they were even allowed to establish a permanent religious mission. Yet each of these exceptions was actually the result of a coherent Ch作者: 亂砍 時間: 2025-3-24 19:08
Epilogue,n sending local Chinese or Manchu officials, however, the Chinese government chose Jesuit missionaries instead, under the pretext that they were more familiar with Western languages and Western customs. But these were not really embassies in the Western sense of that term, since while on occasion Ch作者: Hemiplegia 時間: 2025-3-25 01:16
,Making “Peace” with the East, “peace,” which meant something very different when it was translated into the languages used by the Mongols during this period. The West expected a mutual peace treaty and the laying down of arms, but in the Mongol world “peace” meant capitulation, in other words, that the West would agree to become subservient to Mongol authority.作者: conscribe 時間: 2025-3-25 05:17 作者: Recess 時間: 2025-3-25 09:52
,Holland and “Trade”,w and the presentation of native gifts. Only then would a foreign nation be allowed to trade. This was a mode of thinking that did not stress mutuality at all; it was a hierarchy with the emperor at the summit and China as the center of the world.作者: bromide 時間: 2025-3-25 11:52 作者: intertwine 時間: 2025-3-25 16:50 作者: brother 時間: 2025-3-25 20:20
of global modernity through Europe’s early encounter with C.This text is a timely and wide-ranging study providing essential background to the development of global modernity through the European encounter with China. Considering differing notions of peace, empire, trade, religion, and diplomacy as作者: Evacuate 時間: 2025-3-26 03:29 作者: 出來 時間: 2025-3-26 04:23 作者: Infelicity 時間: 2025-3-26 11:48
Leistungssystem von Medienunternehmen “peace,” which meant something very different when it was translated into the languages used by the Mongols during this period. The West expected a mutual peace treaty and the laying down of arms, but in the Mongol world “peace” meant capitulation, in other words, that the West would agree to become subservient to Mongol authority.作者: 抵押貸款 時間: 2025-3-26 15:13 作者: 興奮過度 時間: 2025-3-26 17:47 作者: Optometrist 時間: 2025-3-26 21:39
Miriam Meckel,Klaus Kamps,Werner Gephartincreasing anger and eventually led to the official condemnation of Western Christianity in 1721. At issue were two very different views of religion, exacerbated by the fact that the Church had determined that Christianity was not “compatible” with a variety of the most important Chinese cultural practices.作者: 障礙物 時間: 2025-3-27 01:10 作者: GET 時間: 2025-3-27 05:48
Book 2017h China. Considering differing notions of peace, empire, trade, religion, and diplomacy as touchstones in the relations between China and Europe on mutuality, the book examines five encounters with France, Portugal, Holland, the pope, and Russia between 1248 and 1720, and reflects on concepts that t作者: fiction 時間: 2025-3-27 12:37
Book 2017ral and political conflict which lay at the heart of?early Chinese-European relations, as the West‘s?understanding of the truth and appropriateness of its cultural norms was confronted by China‘s norms and beliefs..作者: Toxoid-Vaccines 時間: 2025-3-27 16:26
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-28282-0s, although their status did differ from other Westerners since they were considered a “border tribe.” A “consul” was temporarily permitted, but his powers were distinctly limited as Russia remained a tribute-bearing nation.作者: 露天歷史劇 時間: 2025-3-27 21:19
,Russia and “Diplomacy”,s, although their status did differ from other Westerners since they were considered a “border tribe.” A “consul” was temporarily permitted, but his powers were distinctly limited as Russia remained a tribute-bearing nation.作者: Contend 時間: 2025-3-28 00:20 作者: negotiable 時間: 2025-3-28 06:05
