標(biāo)題: Titlebook: Electron Crystallography; Douglas L. Dorset,Sven Hovm?ller,Xiaodong Zou Book 1997 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 1997 X-ray cry [打印本頁] 作者: Stubborn 時間: 2025-3-21 19:32
書目名稱Electron Crystallography影響因子(影響力)
作者: limber 時間: 2025-3-21 20:59
Convergent-Beam Electron DiffractionConvergent-beam electron diffraction (CBED) is a very powerful method for determing crystal symmetries, lattice defects and crystal structures of small specimen areas. We briefly describe the procedures of symmetry determination of crystals and structure refinement, and coherent effects using the CBED techniques.作者: reflection 時間: 2025-3-22 01:18
Reachability Trees for High-level Petri Netsan emphasis on their application in structure analysis, either by direct imaging or by diffraction. Electron microscopy can be done in transmission or in back-scatter mode. The back-scatter mode is used in scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The transmission mode is used in transmission electron microscopy (TEM).作者: 認(rèn)為 時間: 2025-3-22 05:38
Some Functional Investigative Problemsdvanced Study Institute on Electron Crystallography, but regrettably died half a year before it took place. Already in his classical book . from 1964 [1] he wrote: “There is no doubt now that electron diffraction may be used for the complete analysis of crystals whose structure is unknown”.作者: 恃強凌弱 時間: 2025-3-22 11:06
Higher Education Consumer Choicenstraints and restraints. It would be desirable to use refinement techniques in the structure solution as well, so as to incorporate chemical information into the phasing process. One such approach that looks very promising is ARP作者: reception 時間: 2025-3-22 13:05 作者: reception 時間: 2025-3-22 19:07 作者: 變化 時間: 2025-3-22 22:47
Crystal Structure Refinement Incorporating Chemical Informationnstraints and restraints. It would be desirable to use refinement techniques in the structure solution as well, so as to incorporate chemical information into the phasing process. One such approach that looks very promising is ARP作者: 使成波狀 時間: 2025-3-23 03:31
978-90-481-4965-0Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 1997作者: Alienated 時間: 2025-3-23 07:36
Electron Crystallography978-94-015-8971-0Series ISSN 0168-132X 作者: Painstaking 時間: 2025-3-23 10:52 作者: Distribution 時間: 2025-3-23 15:19
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8971-0X-ray crystallography; crystal; crystallography; electron; polymer; scattering; structure作者: 妨礙 時間: 2025-3-23 19:02 作者: SAGE 時間: 2025-3-24 01:37
High-dimensional Microarray Data Analysishigh-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) has become a powerful technique in determining structures and defects for minute crystals. The image formation and image contrast theories are given in detail in the book “Experimental High-Resolution Electron Microscopy” written by Spence [3]. The image fo作者: CAJ 時間: 2025-3-24 06:08 作者: 暗指 時間: 2025-3-24 09:43 作者: 無可非議 時間: 2025-3-24 11:53
Lijun Chen,Steven H. Low,John C. Doyle39 by M?llenstedt [1]; applications in crystallography were proposed by MacGillavry [2] and Ackerman [3] in the 1940’s. In the mid 1960’s Goodman and Lehmpfuhl [4] revived CBED as an alternative to SAD spot patterns, which they saw as poor substitutes for integrated intensities as used in X-ray crys作者: Immunization 時間: 2025-3-24 18:55 作者: Formidable 時間: 2025-3-24 19:59 作者: Encephalitis 時間: 2025-3-24 23:12
M. Knechtel,N. Claussen,J. R?deliles. A crystal also has symmetry and its symmetry in real space has effects in reciprocal space, . in its diffraction pattern. Conversely, any symmetry present in a diffraction pattern provides information about the symmetry of the crystal itself in real space. In real space a symmetry manifests it作者: Congestion 時間: 2025-3-25 04:26
Some Functional Investigative Problemsdvanced Study Institute on Electron Crystallography, but regrettably died half a year before it took place. Already in his classical book . from 1964 [1] he wrote: “There is no doubt now that electron diffraction may be used for the complete analysis of crystals whose structure is unknown”.作者: 沉積物 時間: 2025-3-25 11:23 作者: CLASP 時間: 2025-3-25 11:48 作者: 施加 時間: 2025-3-25 18:03
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58670-0nt atoms of unit weight in space group . ) The notation . will be used to define an arbitrary vector of ., U = (.., .., ..,........). We also have a set of phase angles φ. most of which are either unknown (the . case) or only approximately determined. For . structure solution, because of rules of or作者: wangle 時間: 2025-3-25 21:29
Victor Vasiliev,Nicolai Toivonenrfect. What we obtained under this assumption is not the real structure but just an averaged structure over a large number of unit cells. Unfortunately a knowledge on the averaged structure is often not enough for understanding the properties of many solid state materials. Therefore an important tas作者: NATAL 時間: 2025-3-26 03:36 作者: 祖?zhèn)髫敭a(chǎn) 時間: 2025-3-26 07:18 作者: 睨視 時間: 2025-3-26 10:00 作者: Freeze 時間: 2025-3-26 13:27 作者: Metastasis 時間: 2025-3-26 19:49
M. Knechtel,N. Claussen,J. R?del global which means all atoms in all unit cells are related by the same symmetry element(s). A global symmetry is called crystallographic symmetry, while the local symmetry is called non-crystallographic. Local symmetries are not unusual in crystals and they can be very important and useful, but they fall outside the scope of this article.作者: 宇宙你 時間: 2025-3-26 23:37 作者: GRIEF 時間: 2025-3-27 01:16 作者: HPA533 時間: 2025-3-27 05:53 作者: debacle 時間: 2025-3-27 10:13
An Introduction to Maximum Entropy in Actionles, whereas in the case of macromolecular crystallography, there will be a large set of such phases, albeit rather inaccurately known at times, derived from isomorphous replacement methods. In electron diffraction, the Fourier transform of the corresponding image may give useful phase information.作者: 受辱 時間: 2025-3-27 14:10 作者: 起草 時間: 2025-3-27 20:03
Definition, Measurement and Calculation of Intensities in Electron Diffraction experimental techniques: . (SAD), .; . (CBED), and a . — and in relation to calculations. I shall emphasize the need for three-dimensional intensity data, and discuss methods for including or correcting dynamical scattering in connection with structure determination of inorganic materials.作者: Consensus 時間: 2025-3-28 00:35 作者: Shuttle 時間: 2025-3-28 03:26
Crystal Structure Determination by Crystallographic Image Processing: I.,s given of why this is possible and how to obtain structure factor amplitudes and phases from HREM images of weak-phaseobjects. We will also demonstrate how a projected potential map is reconstructed from the amplitudes and phases by Fourier synthesis. More detailed descriptions and explanations can be found in the book by Zou [1].作者: compel 時間: 2025-3-28 08:51
Crystal Structure Determination by Crystallographic Image Processing: II. ,ave to be well aligned. Here we will present how to use crystallographic image processing to compensate for distortions caused by noise, defocus, astigmatism and crystal misalignment. The amplitudes and phases after the CTF and crystal tilt correction can be used for crystal structure determination.作者: epinephrine 時間: 2025-3-28 11:14
Crystal Structure Determination by Two-Stage Image Processing structure image by image deconvolution [2, 3]. The resolution of such obtained structure image is limited by the resolution of the electron microscope so that not all atoms but usually only heavy atoms can be seen. In the second stage the image resolution is improved by phase extension using the corresponding electron diffraction data [4].作者: Affection 時間: 2025-3-28 17:05
A 10-Gb/s Linear Half-rate CMOS CDR Circuit,ent the specimen such that atomic columns are separated by distances that are of the order of the resolution of the microscope or larger. This is a condition that very often is difficult to satisfy and often limits the use of the HRTEM to studies of crystals only in low order zone-axis orientations.作者: FAST 時間: 2025-3-28 20:59 作者: Palter 時間: 2025-3-28 23:17
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9216-4ware can only be used for electrons in the regime where the dynamic scattering is small, which is in the case of Ce.Cu.P. for specimen thicknesses smaller than about 7 nm. For example, we have used kinematic refinement [1] on data sets of very thin La.Ni.B.N. (about 4 nm thick and in [100] and [110] orientations).作者: 別名 時間: 2025-3-29 06:56
The Development of Electron Crystallography — in memory of Boris Konstantinovich Vainshtein (1921–19dels and diagrams. to discover mathematical results which he later proved theoretically. He was killed during the Roman invasion of Syracuse, while too absorbed with his thinking machine, his sand-table, the equivalent of the modern PC.作者: 節(jié)省 時間: 2025-3-29 08:45 作者: evince 時間: 2025-3-29 11:26
Book 1997mework for electron scattering, specimenpreparation, experimental techniques for optimum data collection, themethodology of structure analysis and refinement, and a range ofapplications to inorganic materials (including minerals), linearpolymers, small organic molecules (including those used in nonl作者: 親密 時間: 2025-3-29 16:04
0168-132X etical framework for electron scattering, specimenpreparation, experimental techniques for optimum data collection, themethodology of structure analysis and refinement, and a range ofapplications to inorganic materials (including minerals), linearpolymers, small organic molecules (including those us作者: Spinal-Tap 時間: 2025-3-29 22:42
Introduction: Patronage and Development, experimental techniques: . (SAD), .; . (CBED), and a . — and in relation to calculations. I shall emphasize the need for three-dimensional intensity data, and discuss methods for including or correcting dynamical scattering in connection with structure determination of inorganic materials.作者: 不容置疑 時間: 2025-3-30 02:48
Lijun Chen,Steven H. Low,John C. DoyleLehmpfuhl [4] revived CBED as an alternative to SAD spot patterns, which they saw as poor substitutes for integrated intensities as used in X-ray crystallography. They turned to the Kossel-M?llenstedt or CBED patterns as a way of recording one-or two-dimensional rocking curves instead.作者: APNEA 時間: 2025-3-30 07:15
Investigation of Acoustic-Motor Coordinations given of why this is possible and how to obtain structure factor amplitudes and phases from HREM images of weak-phaseobjects. We will also demonstrate how a projected potential map is reconstructed from the amplitudes and phases by Fourier synthesis. More detailed descriptions and explanations can be found in the book by Zou [1].作者: 肥料 時間: 2025-3-30 09:37
Kevin Anthony Jones,Ravi S. Sharmaave to be well aligned. Here we will present how to use crystallographic image processing to compensate for distortions caused by noise, defocus, astigmatism and crystal misalignment. The amplitudes and phases after the CTF and crystal tilt correction can be used for crystal structure determination.作者: 警告 時間: 2025-3-30 16:18 作者: MUTE 時間: 2025-3-30 17:45
Image Simulation in High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopyent the specimen such that atomic columns are separated by distances that are of the order of the resolution of the microscope or larger. This is a condition that very often is difficult to satisfy and often limits the use of the HRTEM to studies of crystals only in low order zone-axis orientations.作者: evince 時間: 2025-3-30 20:47
The Development of Electron Crystallography — in memory of Boris Konstantinovich Vainshtein (1921–19ily. and that his work combined science, mathematical theory, technology. and computing.. Traditional teaching in schools about the ancient Mediterranean classical traditions, dominated by myths and literature, has completely obscured the technological basis of that civilisation. which, in fact, pro作者: 類型 時間: 2025-3-31 01:49
Image Formation and Image Contrast in HREMhigh-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) has become a powerful technique in determining structures and defects for minute crystals. The image formation and image contrast theories are given in detail in the book “Experimental High-Resolution Electron Microscopy” written by Spence [3]. The image fo作者: nauseate 時間: 2025-3-31 05:39
Electron Microscopy Techniquesan emphasis on their application in structure analysis, either by direct imaging or by diffraction. Electron microscopy can be done in transmission or in back-scatter mode. The back-scatter mode is used in scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The transmission mode is used in transmission electron mic作者: Nonthreatening 時間: 2025-3-31 12:00 作者: 恃強凌弱 時間: 2025-3-31 15:46 作者: harpsichord 時間: 2025-3-31 19:28 作者: extemporaneous 時間: 2025-3-31 22:37
The Phase Problem of X-ray Crystallography: Overviewit cell of the crystal. The available intensities usually exceed the number of parameters needed to describe the structure. From these intensities a set of numbers |..|can be derived, one corresponding to each intensity. However, the elucidation of the crystal structure also requires a knowledge of 作者: 誘使 時間: 2025-4-1 05:16
The Effects of Symmetry in Real and Reciprocal Spaceiles. A crystal also has symmetry and its symmetry in real space has effects in reciprocal space, . in its diffraction pattern. Conversely, any symmetry present in a diffraction pattern provides information about the symmetry of the crystal itself in real space. In real space a symmetry manifests it作者: 托人看管 時間: 2025-4-1 08:03
Obtaining Phases from Electron Microscopy for Solving Protein Structuresdvanced Study Institute on Electron Crystallography, but regrettably died half a year before it took place. Already in his classical book . from 1964 [1] he wrote: “There is no doubt now that electron diffraction may be used for the complete analysis of crystals whose structure is unknown”.作者: MAUVE 時間: 2025-4-1 10:30
Crystal Structure Determination by Crystallographic Image Processing: I.,ucture factors of a crystal are present in the HREM images and can be used for determining atomic positions in the crystal. Here a brief description is given of why this is possible and how to obtain structure factor amplitudes and phases from HREM images of weak-phaseobjects. We will also demonstra作者: 老人病學(xué) 時間: 2025-4-1 18:12 作者: 羞辱 時間: 2025-4-1 21:52 作者: RENAL 時間: 2025-4-2 01:54
