標題: Titlebook: Election Systems and Gerrymandering Worldwide; Steve Bickerstaff Book 2020 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusiv [打印本頁] 作者: Herbaceous 時間: 2025-3-21 16:10
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書目名稱Election Systems and Gerrymandering Worldwide讀者反饋學科排名
作者: 比喻好 時間: 2025-3-21 22:38
https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-50884-3inistrative units, or multi-member districts, or the failure to do so, for the benefit of specific political officials or interests in the national legislature is common throughout the world and is a form of gerrymandering.作者: Monolithic 時間: 2025-3-22 03:07 作者: 魔鬼在游行 時間: 2025-3-22 05:34 作者: BALK 時間: 2025-3-22 11:26
The Upper Chamber of a Bicameral National Legislature,tional legislatures. Appendix B provides a list of nations with bicameral and unicameral national legislatures. In most of the nations with bicameral legislatures, only the members of the “l(fā)ower chamber” are directly elected.作者: 客觀 時間: 2025-3-22 15:17 作者: 客觀 時間: 2025-3-22 18:52
1614-0311 l systems and reforms.Offers valuable insights for researcheThis book explores the similarities and differences among national election systems around the globe and sheds light on how election systems are susceptible to gerrymandering, which is the process by which an incumbent or a political party 作者: Range-Of-Motion 時間: 2025-3-23 01:12 作者: 不斷的變動 時間: 2025-3-23 03:13 作者: 恃強凌弱 時間: 2025-3-23 06:20 作者: harangue 時間: 2025-3-23 12:34 作者: 蟄伏 時間: 2025-3-23 16:45 作者: 摘要記錄 時間: 2025-3-23 20:50 作者: Notorious 時間: 2025-3-23 22:41 作者: 注意到 時間: 2025-3-24 04:39
Book 2020 for their own advantage. Presenting research showing that some of the worst electoral-system manipulation occurs in the oldest established democracies, the book explores how nations have modified the form of government to meet local conditions and how democracy is threatened by gerrymandering..作者: hair-bulb 時間: 2025-3-24 08:19
Chen Zhang,Rajah Rasiah,Kee Cheok Cheongting under a post-conflict agreement that divides the seats between Hutus and Tutsis. This list does not include those few countries or territories whose existence is disputed and are not in the United Nations, such as Taiwan, Western Sahara, South Ossetia, Northern Cyprus or Abkhazia.作者: 沒有希望 時間: 2025-3-24 14:01
Introduction,ectoral districts in different election systems worldwide. Moreover, I resent the attitudes I found among many political scientists that gerrymandering to advantage or disadvantage certain candidates or political parties is a problem unique to the United States, and that systems with proportional re作者: FIS 時間: 2025-3-24 16:20 作者: ingenue 時間: 2025-3-24 20:09 作者: 軍火 時間: 2025-3-25 01:01
The Upper Chamber of a Bicameral National Legislature, entirely ignore the upper chamber of bicameral legislatures. At least 48 nations have bicameral national legislatures in which the members of the upper chamber are appointed, including those in which these members are “indirectly elected” by state, provincial, or other local legislative bodies. Ano作者: 易發(fā)怒 時間: 2025-3-25 05:18 作者: Vulnerable 時間: 2025-3-25 07:32
Gerrymandering by Untimely or Malapportioned Redistricting or Reallocation of Seats,oes not avoid the task of accommodating demographic changes. As the Code of Good Practice states, “With multi-member constituencies, seats should be redistributed preferably without redefining constituency boundaries, which should, where possible, coincide with administrative boundaries.”作者: 清洗 時間: 2025-3-25 12:02 作者: 西瓜 時間: 2025-3-25 17:19 作者: 事與愿違 時間: 2025-3-25 22:07 作者: amorphous 時間: 2025-3-26 00:48 作者: Carcinogenesis 時間: 2025-3-26 07:33 作者: invulnerable 時間: 2025-3-26 11:27 作者: aquatic 時間: 2025-3-26 13:35
Election Systems and Gerrymandering Worldwide978-3-030-30837-7Series ISSN 1614-0311 Series E-ISSN 2197-8530 作者: 個人長篇演說 時間: 2025-3-26 17:11
https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-50884-3ectoral districts in different election systems worldwide. Moreover, I resent the attitudes I found among many political scientists that gerrymandering to advantage or disadvantage certain candidates or political parties is a problem unique to the United States, and that systems with proportional re作者: absolve 時間: 2025-3-27 00:10 作者: 美學 時間: 2025-3-27 04:28
Takashi Tsukamoto,Ronald K. Vogels popularized as “one person, one vote” is perhaps the most widely acknowledged principle throughout representative democratic societies—i.e. that each person or voter should have an equal opportunity through his or her representative to determine national policy. This equality is measured by the re作者: offense 時間: 2025-3-27 08:59 作者: fidelity 時間: 2025-3-27 10:43
Chen Zhang,Rajah Rasiah,Kee Cheok CheongPR, some appointed), Kosovo (PR), Kyrgyzstan (PR), Moldova (PR), Monaco (FPTP and PR), the Netherlands (PR), Fiji (PR), Serbia (PR), Slovakia (PR), Namibia (PR), and Israel (PR). Sources differ on whether Rwanda elects a majority of its unicameral national legislature through a PR system or is opera作者: Liberate 時間: 2025-3-27 15:08
Navigating the Illegible State,oes not avoid the task of accommodating demographic changes. As the Code of Good Practice states, “With multi-member constituencies, seats should be redistributed preferably without redefining constituency boundaries, which should, where possible, coincide with administrative boundaries.”作者: LAPSE 時間: 2025-3-27 21:21 作者: addition 時間: 2025-3-27 23:12
https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230118010in most nations because of technological advances and improved data. The greatest difficulty, however, is political. Even the simplest change necessarily affects two or more districts, meaning two or more incumbents and potential election outcomes.作者: AV-node 時間: 2025-3-28 02:18
Ondrej Ditrych,Constanza Sánchez Avilésber districts, it was the national legislative body that usually exercised that authority indirectly through a legislative committee, with the final authority resting in the national legislature itself. Some nations continue to use this structure.作者: 冥界三河 時間: 2025-3-28 10:11
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65391-4rief. The national legislature has considerable discretion, which has led to a visible tension in some countries between courts trying to enforce legal or generally accepted standards of voter equality and national legislatures battling to maintain the status quo or its political decisions.作者: Bureaucracy 時間: 2025-3-28 13:52
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50229-3s or her political future than about the welfare of the nation or constituents, is acting contrary to the premise of representative democracy. Nevertheless, it has become acceptable worldwide to think of redistricting and reallocation of seats in a legislative body as quintessentially political proc作者: 帶來墨水 時間: 2025-3-28 18:11
Child Welfare in the United StatesDemocracy is a form of government under the control of the people it governs. A representative democracy is one in which the people express their will and act through their elected representatives.作者: FLINT 時間: 2025-3-28 19:09 作者: 輕打 時間: 2025-3-28 23:56 作者: 無能力 時間: 2025-3-29 03:11
https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-31291-9Several nations combine single-member electoral districts with proportional representation in a dual system for the election of members of the lower chamber of its national legislature or for its unicameral national legislature.作者: epinephrine 時間: 2025-3-29 09:01 作者: legacy 時間: 2025-3-29 13:03 作者: Protein 時間: 2025-3-29 19:21
Gerrymandering Within Fixed Districts,Once seats in the national legislature are allocated to a fixed or special multi-member district, the manner of electing persons to fill those seats can take many forms.作者: 包庇 時間: 2025-3-29 21:45
Mixed Election Systems Combining Electoral Districts with Proportional Representation Elections,Several nations combine single-member electoral districts with proportional representation in a dual system for the election of members of the lower chamber of its national legislature or for its unicameral national legislature.作者: 致詞 時間: 2025-3-30 03:19
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30837-7Election systems; Gerrymandering; Electoral districts; Proportional representation; German elections; Fre作者: 內(nèi)向者 時間: 2025-3-30 07:06 作者: 一個姐姐 時間: 2025-3-30 11:08 作者: 搖曳的微光 時間: 2025-3-30 15:08 作者: faddish 時間: 2025-3-30 18:16
Navigating the Illegible State,oes not avoid the task of accommodating demographic changes. As the Code of Good Practice states, “With multi-member constituencies, seats should be redistributed preferably without redefining constituency boundaries, which should, where possible, coincide with administrative boundaries.”作者: galley 時間: 2025-3-30 21:42 作者: Badger 時間: 2025-3-31 03:19 作者: BRAWL 時間: 2025-3-31 07:30 作者: 協(xié)奏曲 時間: 2025-3-31 10:35 作者: 懲罰 時間: 2025-3-31 15:08
Gerrymandering by Untimely or Malapportioned Redistricting or Reallocation of Seats,oes not avoid the task of accommodating demographic changes. As the Code of Good Practice states, “With multi-member constituencies, seats should be redistributed preferably without redefining constituency boundaries, which should, where possible, coincide with administrative boundaries.”作者: 使迷醉 時間: 2025-3-31 18:02
Criteria for Determining District Boundaries,in most nations because of technological advances and improved data. The greatest difficulty, however, is political. Even the simplest change necessarily affects two or more districts, meaning two or more incumbents and potential election outcomes.
