標(biāo)題: Titlebook: Economics as Applied Ethics; Fact and Value in Ec Wilfred Beckerman Textbook 2017Latest edition The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Autho [打印本頁(yè)] 作者: implicate 時(shí)間: 2025-3-21 19:50
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作者: 無(wú)畏 時(shí)間: 2025-3-21 22:04 作者: 過(guò)份艷麗 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 00:56
Amara Gunatilaka,Peter Diehl,Heike Puzicharen – rationally pursue their own interests. But a casual observation of the state of the world suggests that, in fact, most people . either lunatics or children, so this does not leave us with a large class of people whose choices are to be respected.作者: 凌辱 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 06:31
Bacteriorhodopsin-based 3D optical memory,of society as a whole. But the British Prime Minister in the 1980s, the late Baroness Thatcher, is famously misreported as having said that there is no such thing as ‘society’. What she actually said is ‘Who is society? There is no such thing! There are individual men and women and there are familie作者: 切碎 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 09:31 作者: 窒息 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 16:41 作者: 窒息 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 17:37 作者: CRANK 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 01:04
Anthropo- und biomedizinische Technik a means by which he can procure more pleasure. In other words it had purely instrumental value to him. And this is no doubt the case for everybody except for a few fetishists who may worship money for its own sake. For many decades now it has been generally assumed that the intrinsic value to which作者: Metamorphosis 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 04:13
Grundeigenschaften lebender Systeme,the costs and benefits involved do not usually accrue instantaneously at the point in time at which a particular project in question is carried out. They are usually spread over many years. For example, both the costs and the benefits that are expected from some new transport projects are expected t作者: 發(fā)芽 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 09:28 作者: Indigence 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 13:13
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-01343-3elves as egalitarian. But there is a little logical problem about claiming to be an egalitarian by appealing to the desirability of equality in one or another particular ‘space’ or ‘. such as income or opportunity. For – as Amartya Sen has emphasised – greater equality in one or other ‘space’ may le作者: 冒失 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 14:54 作者: Petechiae 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 19:07 作者: 最有利 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 23:27 作者: instructive 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 04:31 作者: 較早 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 08:46
Deepika Patel,Rashmi Verma,Milan HaitIn order to be able to make full use of the simple key to the analysis of economic policy questions that I have promised to supply in Chapter 1, it is necessary to clarify a few basic concepts. Boring, perhaps, but essential, like some boring facts that one invariably has to learn in order to practise any applied science.作者: 察覺(jué) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 13:06 作者: STYX 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 18:54 作者: NUL 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 20:01 作者: PAC 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 00:51
Introduction,This book is not about ethics in economics, which can cover a vast range of topics, such as business ethics or the morally questionable behaviour of many of the actors in the world of business, or some important ethical aspects of economic theory. There are several excellent books that deal with such issues.作者: 吸氣 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 05:16
The Main ConceptsIn order to be able to make full use of the simple key to the analysis of economic policy questions that I have promised to supply in Chapter 1, it is necessary to clarify a few basic concepts. Boring, perhaps, but essential, like some boring facts that one invariably has to learn in order to practise any applied science.作者: Obstruction 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 08:05
Fact and Value in Public Policy: Three ExamplesOne widely discussed conflict of values, in addition to uncertain positive relationships, is a conflict between equality and productive efficiency, which is what the late Arthur Okun called ‘the big trade-off’. In the interests of exposition, I shall defer to Chapters 15 and 16 some of the problems associated with the concept of ‘equality’.作者: placebo-effect 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 13:57 作者: 通情達(dá)理 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 16:31
Equality: ‘Fact’ or ‘Value’?He would cut up the ceilings of the Veronese into strips so that every one might have a little piece. I don’t want everyone to have a little piece of anything, and I have a great horror of that kind of invidious jealousy which is at the bottom of the idea of a redistribution.作者: 滲入 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 20:20 作者: 種屬關(guān)系 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 03:51
The Price of Lifee weighed up ‘…the whips and scorns of time, the pangs of despized love, the laws delay’, and so on, against the fear of the awful experiences one might have when one has ‘shuffled off this mortal coil’. But he did not try to put a monetary value on the components of his balance sheet.作者: ventilate 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 08:17
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50319-6Moral significance of consumers’ sovereignty; Distributive justice; Utilitarianism; Libertarianism; Egal作者: 自愛 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 10:30 作者: Deference 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 14:15
Wilfred BeckermanTreats Economics as an applied science.Breaks down, clearly, an analysis of economic policy issues to what are matters of fact and matters of values.Highlights the main value judgements in the analysi作者: capsaicin 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 20:17 作者: Systemic 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 00:31 作者: CHASE 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 04:54
Fact and Value in Personal Choices been described as ‘the logic of choice’. Values conflict at both the personal and the public level. At the personal level people are constantly making choices in their daily lives. Life is one long trade-off. Even simple things like choosing which vegetables go best with whatever else we are eatin作者: 滲透 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 09:21
How to Make ‘Bad’ Choicesren – rationally pursue their own interests. But a casual observation of the state of the world suggests that, in fact, most people . either lunatics or children, so this does not leave us with a large class of people whose choices are to be respected.作者: 王得到 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 11:38 作者: DAMN 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 14:31
Utilitarianism: The Search for an Overriding Valueons can be confirmed or refuted by facts. But value judgements cannot, though the value judgements that people hold are often influenced by them. But if they are not based on factual evidence, on what are they based? This chapter discusses what is one of the most widespread and compelling moral theo作者: 吞沒(méi) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 20:52
Utilitarianism and Its Constraintst in the basic mathematics of economic theory, where they soon encounter the notion of ‘constrained maximisation’. For this corresponds to fundamental concepts in economics, such as the notion that consumers maximise something that we shall call utility (for old times’ sake and for want of a better 作者: Notorious 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 22:02 作者: 向下五度才偏 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 04:55
Well-Being and Happiness a means by which he can procure more pleasure. In other words it had purely instrumental value to him. And this is no doubt the case for everybody except for a few fetishists who may worship money for its own sake. For many decades now it has been generally assumed that the intrinsic value to which作者: 煩人 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 08:13 作者: 體貼 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 13:39
The Price of Lifee weighed up ‘…the whips and scorns of time, the pangs of despized love, the laws delay’, and so on, against the fear of the awful experiences one might have when one has ‘shuffled off this mortal coil’. But he did not try to put a monetary value on the components of his balance sheet.作者: Benzodiazepines 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 16:42
Equality of What?elves as egalitarian. But there is a little logical problem about claiming to be an egalitarian by appealing to the desirability of equality in one or another particular ‘space’ or ‘. such as income or opportunity. For – as Amartya Sen has emphasised – greater equality in one or other ‘space’ may le作者: fixed-joint 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 22:34 作者: Aprope 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 02:14
Preview) a . proposition that smoking is bad for people’s health and (ii) another . proposition that better health makes people happier and, finally, (iii) the . that being happy is . valuable, so that it needs no further justification (though it can still be disputed).作者: Obloquy 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 06:03 作者: 顯而易見 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 09:56 作者: Foment 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 12:00
Well-Being and Happiness money – or income or GDP – contributes is some wider concept such as ‘happiness’ or ‘well-being’. The implication of this is that ‘the benefits of a new policy should now be measured in terms of the impact of the change upon the happiness of the population.作者: falsehood 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 17:39
The Discount Rateo accrue over several decades. In other projects major costs are incurred at the end of the project’s operation. For example, a major cost in nuclear energy will be the costs of decommissioning and of disposing of the accumulated radioactive waste when the facility in question has reached the end of its useful life after two or three decades.作者: 全部逛商店 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 22:17 作者: 生命 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 01:58 作者: kyphoplasty 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 04:36 作者: Diaphragm 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 09:28
Agnes Sturma,Laura Hruby,Martin Diersif they are not based on factual evidence, on what are they based? This chapter discusses what is one of the most widespread and compelling moral theories that might form the basis for value judgements, namely Utilitarianism.作者: Judicious 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 13:23
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-01343-3 another particular ‘space’ or ‘. such as income or opportunity. For – as Amartya Sen has emphasised – greater equality in one or other ‘space’ may lead to greater inequality in some other ‘space’ (Sen, 1992).作者: Cupping 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 18:21
Matthias Breitenfeld,Aike Ulrichrtile, and the climate is harsh, so that the average standard of living is low. But the inhabitants don’t complain, at least not much. They are under the impression that they are the only human beings in the world, so they do not know any better.作者: 重疊 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 21:12
Fact and Value in Personal Choiceng choices in their daily lives. Life is one long trade-off. Even simple things like choosing which vegetables go best with whatever else we are eating involves an unconscious trade-off of values. There are lots of things we would like to do but there are constraints on how many can be done.作者: Jingoism 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 01:55
Utilitarianism: The Search for an Overriding Valueif they are not based on factual evidence, on what are they based? This chapter discusses what is one of the most widespread and compelling moral theories that might form the basis for value judgements, namely Utilitarianism.作者: entrance 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 07:27 作者: Urea508 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 09:56
The Boundary in Space: International Justicertile, and the climate is harsh, so that the average standard of living is low. But the inhabitants don’t complain, at least not much. They are under the impression that they are the only human beings in the world, so they do not know any better.作者: 含糊其辭 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 16:58
Textbook 2017Latest editionncluded. Basic philosophical concepts are systematically described, followed by conventional welfare economic theory and policy, and applications to some topical economic problems such as income distribution and sustainable development. ?作者: 厭惡 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 19:10 作者: 他很靈活 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 22:09
Bacteriorhodopsin-based 3D optical memory,s…’ It is not clear what exactly she had in mind. One possibility is that she was simply referring to the view expressed by Jeremy Bentham in 1789 that ‘the community is a fictitious . composed of the individual persons who are considered as constituting as it were its .作者: angiography 時(shí)間: 2025-4-1 04:44
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-39350-2DP and so on. At the same time there has been growing criticism of the national income concept as a measure of ‘welfare’. In the last five decades or so all the advanced countries of the world experienced historically unprecedented rates of economic growth, so that . real incomes soon reached levels that were way above those of the prewar period.作者: Decline 時(shí)間: 2025-4-1 09:41
Anthropo- und biomedizinische Technik money – or income or GDP – contributes is some wider concept such as ‘happiness’ or ‘well-being’. The implication of this is that ‘the benefits of a new policy should now be measured in terms of the impact of the change upon the happiness of the population.作者: 大都市 時(shí)間: 2025-4-1 11:10
