標(biāo)題: Titlebook: Dangerous and Dishonest Men: The International Bankers of Louis XIV‘s France; Guy Rowlands Book 2015 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Mac [打印本頁] 作者: 租期 時(shí)間: 2025-3-21 18:57
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作者: FOR 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 00:16 作者: 同謀 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 02:25 作者: 幻想 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 08:07
978-1-349-47974-0Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited 2015作者: A精確的 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 12:37
Dangerous and Dishonest Men: The International Bankers of Louis XIV‘s France978-1-137-38179-8Series ISSN 2662-5164 Series E-ISSN 2662-5172 作者: MELD 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 13:47 作者: MELD 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 18:43
Errors of Refraction and their Correction, fairly secretive, they were at least under some degree of ministerial supervision and scrutiny. Accounts, though sometimes presented years after the duty-year, were scrutinised in an effort to suppress excessive profiteering, while intendants and generals directed and maintained a watching brief ov作者: Intend 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 22:05 作者: 公社 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 02:26
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57132-9xact science, if not a capricious matter, based on subjective judgements about a range of relevant factors. It was also a very opaque business that threatened to ramp up charges upon remitters. Even in the present day . magazine, referring to foreign remitting, stated baldly that ‘Margins are so fat作者: 壕溝 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 06:38
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57132-9rench forces that were, within a few months, deploying across the Spanish Monarchy’s lands. This was not going to be a matter of spasmodic, ad hoc transfers of money abroad, as it had been in the Nine Years’ War, although nobody at first was sure of the volume of remittances that would be needed. By作者: LAP 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 10:01
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57132-9s, that he came to fear his bills of exchange would be protested. He was operating in advance of payment by some 33 million . in the summer of 1705, and his correspondents were demanding either more solid guarantees or payment up to three months in advance. This was a structural gap in war-effort-re作者: 中古 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 16:42
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57132-9ere were some men who did rather well out of the war, to borrow an expression. What form did this take? Much of the money made by Samuel Bernard and the other bankers who escaped the wreckage of Lyon was invested in financial instruments, which were vulnerable to fluctuations in value. But the paper作者: 食草 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 21:37 作者: 2否定 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 23:09 作者: Camouflage 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 04:46 作者: 后天習(xí)得 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 07:48 作者: 男學(xué)院 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 13:30
The French Monarchy and the Foreign Exchange System in the Era of Louis XIV to control the international bankers upon whom the French monarchy came to depend for fuelling its continent-wide war effort during the Spanish Succession conflict. To appreciate why this was so first requires an understanding of the fundamentals and framework of the foreign exchange system in the 作者: HEED 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 16:50 作者: fulmination 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 19:12
The Price of Foreign Exchange margin was necessary to provide protection against severe risks or as compensation for losses — supposed losses, at any rate. But large profits do seem to have been made. Despite the limited evidence still available, the pages ahead will try to explain why foreign remitting cost the Sun King so muc作者: 字形刻痕 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 02:08 作者: 悅耳 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 04:21 作者: INERT 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 09:48 作者: 細(xì)胞 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 13:35
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44681-9 of the divide Louis XIV’s France — the goliath of the international stage — was burdened with the crippling task of defending the Spanish lands acquired by Louis’s grandson, Philippe, duc d’Anjou, while the financial machinery at the service of the Bourbon kings to support their defensive endeavour作者: Ondines-curse 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 18:59 作者: 榨取 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 20:42
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-7259-2nflict. This chapter will therefore lay out the key locations for French war-related remitting, the nodal points in and outside France from which further onward financing of the armies could occur. It will then look more closely at the ‘remittance corridors’ (to use the modern expression) down which作者: 有危險(xiǎn) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 00:53 作者: 壓迫 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 06:05
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57132-9o support their operations, and how the pressures placed upon the banking system both by the king’s demands and by the manipulations of the bankers brought the French state’s entire remittance edifice crashing down in 1709.作者: 專橫 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 10:11 作者: Anemia 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 13:53 作者: Eviction 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 19:04
Introduction Bubble of 1719–20, but while it is often referred to by historians, economists and political commentators, the longer-term developments and crises that helped to make it possible remain shrouded in obscurity. Yet John Law’s System of those years was both thinkable and deemed necessary because of th作者: 吵鬧 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 23:21 作者: 配偶 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 02:52 作者: crumble 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 07:30
The Price of Foreign Exchangexact science, if not a capricious matter, based on subjective judgements about a range of relevant factors. It was also a very opaque business that threatened to ramp up charges upon remitters. Even in the present day . magazine, referring to foreign remitting, stated baldly that ‘Margins are so fat作者: Volatile-Oils 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 09:26 作者: RUPT 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 15:41
Overloading Atlas: Samuel Bernard and the Crisis of French Bankings, that he came to fear his bills of exchange would be protested. He was operating in advance of payment by some 33 million . in the summer of 1705, and his correspondents were demanding either more solid guarantees or payment up to three months in advance. This was a structural gap in war-effort-re作者: 抗原 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 19:57 作者: 很像弓] 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 23:42
,Anwendungsm?glichkeiten von Optimierungsverfahren, Grundzüge der gel?ufigen Methoden,Vor der knappen Darstellung der Prinzipien sowie der Vor- und Nachteile der bekanntesten Optimierungsverfahren (ausführlichere Beschreibungen in [2.1 bis 2.10]) soll in diesem Abschnitt aufgez?hlt werden, für welche Klassen von Problemstellungen diese Verfahren anwendbar sind.作者: BAIL 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 04:00
,Ursprung und Geschichte der industriellen Produktion von Kalidüngemitteln,Mengen für das Pflanzenwachstum ben?tigt (Neitzel 1996, /704/). Landwirtschaftliche Dauerbewirtschaftung führt zwangsl?ufig zur Verminderung dieser N?hrstoffe im Boden, weshalb die Kompensation dieser N?hrstoffverluste durch den Einsatz von Düngemitteln in der Landwirtschaft unerl?sslich ist.
