標(biāo)題: Titlebook: Consumption-Based Approaches in International Climate Policy; Christian Lininger Book 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2 [打印本頁] 作者: injurious 時間: 2025-3-21 18:53
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書目名稱Consumption-Based Approaches in International Climate Policy讀者反饋
書目名稱Consumption-Based Approaches in International Climate Policy讀者反饋學(xué)科排名
作者: 斑駁 時間: 2025-3-21 22:06
Book 2015 With the help of an analytical model, the author investigates the effects of different policy variants on environmental effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, carbon leakage, competitiveness and the global distribution of income. The economic, legal and political background and the often contradictory 作者: 關(guān)心 時間: 2025-3-22 00:26
Book 2015ook concludes that a switch to consumption orientation is not a policy tool whereby industrialized countries can unilaterally improve climate policy effectiveness, but should rather be seen as a possible intermediate step on the way to a fully multilateral mitigation strategy..作者: Hyperplasia 時間: 2025-3-22 05:20 作者: 戰(zhàn)役 時間: 2025-3-22 11:50
Consumption as a Base for Emission Accounting and as a Policy Base difference between production-based and consumption-based emission accounting is explained. Two methods to determine a country’s consumption-based emissions inventory are presented—the bottom-up approach and the top-down approach relying on environmentally extended input-output analysis. Then the q作者: 暫時別動 時間: 2025-3-22 16:54
The Political and Legal Background to the Discussion About Consumption-Based Policiesof international trade law. The debate on these issues is typically framed in terms of “border carbon adjustments”—the best-known method of introducing consumption-based policies. This chapter first presents the various motivations for advocating border adjustments: to preserve the competitiveness o作者: 暫時別動 時間: 2025-3-22 19:43
Unilateral Climate Policies: The Theoretical Economic Backgroundcing consumption-based approaches in international climate policy. In the 1970s, economists started to compare the economic efficiency of different systems of environmental taxation in unilaterally correcting a global externality. They found that, to be efficient, unilateral policies should neither 作者: 千篇一律 時間: 2025-3-22 21:54 作者: 名義上 時間: 2025-3-23 03:01 作者: resilience 時間: 2025-3-23 05:54
Evaluating a Shift to a Consumption-Based Climate Policy: Objectives and Analytical Tools with that of consumption-based approaches. This chapter introduces the model and lays out the exact objectives of the model-based analysis. These are to establish in which way the relative effectiveness of the two policy variants depends on demand and production parameters, the size of the abating 作者: 熱情的我 時間: 2025-3-23 13:19 作者: 合群 時間: 2025-3-23 14:04
Consumption-Based Climate Policy in Practice: Abatement Potentials Difficult to Exploitsed approaches in international climate policy. First, a number of criteria are proposed that a unilateral consumption-orientated policy should meet: it should promote environmental effectiveness or cost-effectiveness, should not impose additional economic burdens on developing and emerging economie作者: 盲信者 時間: 2025-3-23 20:18
Conclusionve the environmental effectiveness of unilateral climate policies by introducing consumption-based approaches is challenged. This study has found that none of the arguments typically presented in support of consumption-based policies can, in fact, guarantee their effectiveness. Rather, whether a pro作者: GEN 時間: 2025-3-24 00:55 作者: NOCT 時間: 2025-3-24 05:31
Springer Climatehttp://image.papertrans.cn/c/image/236256.jpg作者: 富饒 時間: 2025-3-24 10:23
Consumption-Based Approaches in International Climate Policy978-3-319-15991-1Series ISSN 2352-0698 Series E-ISSN 2352-0701 作者: 減去 時間: 2025-3-24 13:53 作者: Abrade 時間: 2025-3-24 16:23
978-3-319-38629-4Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015作者: 防銹 時間: 2025-3-24 22:56
Dorthe Flothmann,Christiane Howeate policy to one that is consumption-based. Such a change has been suggested by some authors as a way to improve the global effectiveness of unilateral climate policies followed by industrialized countries. The central research question of this study is whether this indeed is the case. In this intr作者: 確定 時間: 2025-3-25 03:13
Von der UnFreiheit, einer Idee zu folgen, difference between production-based and consumption-based emission accounting is explained. Two methods to determine a country’s consumption-based emissions inventory are presented—the bottom-up approach and the top-down approach relying on environmentally extended input-output analysis. Then the q作者: 用手捏 時間: 2025-3-25 07:04 作者: Obsessed 時間: 2025-3-25 11:29
Generierung von Fahrsituationen,cing consumption-based approaches in international climate policy. In the 1970s, economists started to compare the economic efficiency of different systems of environmental taxation in unilaterally correcting a global externality. They found that, to be efficient, unilateral policies should neither 作者: Overdose 時間: 2025-3-25 11:51 作者: inundate 時間: 2025-3-25 16:34
Unterrichtszentrierte Schulentwicklungmption-based approaches in international climate policy. This literature strand has established that emissions transfers via international trade from emerging to industrialized countries are large and increasing. In the last decades, industrialized countries have managed to stabilize their productio作者: Euthyroid 時間: 2025-3-25 23:26 作者: 音樂戲劇 時間: 2025-3-26 04:13 作者: affinity 時間: 2025-3-26 07:50
Anforderung an Hersteller der UAS-Techniksed approaches in international climate policy. First, a number of criteria are proposed that a unilateral consumption-orientated policy should meet: it should promote environmental effectiveness or cost-effectiveness, should not impose additional economic burdens on developing and emerging economie作者: 情感脆弱 時間: 2025-3-26 11:56
Innovation in der Gesundheitsversorgungve the environmental effectiveness of unilateral climate policies by introducing consumption-based approaches is challenged. This study has found that none of the arguments typically presented in support of consumption-based policies can, in fact, guarantee their effectiveness. Rather, whether a pro作者: 格言 時間: 2025-3-26 15:30
2352-0698 rialized countries can unilaterally improve climate policy effectiveness, but should rather be seen as a possible intermediate step on the way to a fully multilateral mitigation strategy..978-3-319-38629-4978-3-319-15991-1Series ISSN 2352-0698 Series E-ISSN 2352-0701 作者: Enrage 時間: 2025-3-26 18:52
Introduction,structure, and the research objectives of the study are laid out: The first part of the study reviews the economic, legal, and political background and the often contradictory findings on consumption-based approaches in the current literature. The second part investigates—with the help of an analyti作者: 馬賽克 時間: 2025-3-26 22:51
Consumption as a Base for Emission Accounting and as a Policy BaseFinally, various criteria for assessing different climate policy variants are discussed: economic efficiency, cost-effectiveness, environmental effectiveness, carbon leakage, welfare, and competitiveness. This discussion shows that one of the most common policy effectiveness indicators—carbon leakag作者: Rustproof 時間: 2025-3-27 04:51 作者: magenta 時間: 2025-3-27 05:16
Unilateral Climate Policies: The Theoretical Economic Background examines four such channels: the competitiveness, the energy market, the income, and the technology spillovers channel. Various counter-measures against leakage were suggested; one of them being border carbon adjustments. Recently, some authors have drawn attention to macroeconomic effects of such 作者: acquisition 時間: 2025-3-27 11:14
Quantitative Studies of Carbon Leakage and the Effects of Border Adjustmentss lead to a substantial redistribution of income between abating and non-abating countries. This chapter argues that the main insights produced by these studies are not the quantitative estimates .; rather this literature strand has made an enormous contribution to discovering the parameters and det作者: DEBT 時間: 2025-3-27 16:55
Literature on Emissions Embodied in Trade they cannot guarantee that consumption-based policies are environmentally more effective than production-based ones. Another central argument of the literature on emissions embodied in trade is that consumption-based policies may be “fairer”, as not only producers, but also consumers are “responsib作者: 食品室 時間: 2025-3-27 18:37 作者: 絆住 時間: 2025-3-27 22:17 作者: 搖曳的微光 時間: 2025-3-28 02:20
Consumption-Based Climate Policy in Practice: Abatement Potentials Difficult to Exploitt have large effects on policy effectiveness; and the adoption of “green” technologies by developing and emerging economies should be incentivized. This chapter argues that the last of these recommendations is extremely important for the environmental effectiveness of the policy; this recommendation作者: 滑稽 時間: 2025-3-28 08:20
Conclusionhat in the short run—when using border adjustments as a policy instrument—the desirable incentive effects can be secured only if it is possible to achieve at least a certain level of cooperation with the countries affected by the border measures. In the long run, a “carbon-added” scheme could be int作者: Adulterate 時間: 2025-3-28 11:30
Policy Transmission Through Energy Markets, Income Effects, and Technological Spillovers作者: 畸形 時間: 2025-3-28 14:57
Design Options for Consumption-Based Policy Approaches: A Literature Review作者: Pseudoephedrine 時間: 2025-3-28 19:59 作者: GLOSS 時間: 2025-3-29 01:01 作者: 人類學(xué)家 時間: 2025-3-29 06:30 作者: 秘傳 時間: 2025-3-29 08:46
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-34756-7vironmental motives are emphasized. Most developing and emerging economies, on the other hand, see border measures as unfair protectionism. As regards international trade law, border carbon measures tread legally uncharted territory. In particular border measures extending to exports, measures that 作者: d-limonene 時間: 2025-3-29 13:58
Generierung von Fahrsituationen, examines four such channels: the competitiveness, the energy market, the income, and the technology spillovers channel. Various counter-measures against leakage were suggested; one of them being border carbon adjustments. Recently, some authors have drawn attention to macroeconomic effects of such 作者: 帳單 時間: 2025-3-29 18:28 作者: 個人長篇演說 時間: 2025-3-29 19:59 作者: 不適當(dāng) 時間: 2025-3-30 00:41
