標題: Titlebook: Climate Sensitivity to Radiative Perturbations; Physical Mechanisms Hervé Le Treut Conference proceedings 1996 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heid [打印本頁] 作者: Nixon 時間: 2025-3-21 16:51
書目名稱Climate Sensitivity to Radiative Perturbations影響因子(影響力)
書目名稱Climate Sensitivity to Radiative Perturbations影響因子(影響力)學科排名
書目名稱Climate Sensitivity to Radiative Perturbations網絡公開度
書目名稱Climate Sensitivity to Radiative Perturbations網絡公開度學科排名
書目名稱Climate Sensitivity to Radiative Perturbations被引頻次
書目名稱Climate Sensitivity to Radiative Perturbations被引頻次學科排名
書目名稱Climate Sensitivity to Radiative Perturbations年度引用
書目名稱Climate Sensitivity to Radiative Perturbations年度引用學科排名
書目名稱Climate Sensitivity to Radiative Perturbations讀者反饋
書目名稱Climate Sensitivity to Radiative Perturbations讀者反饋學科排名
作者: 放縱 時間: 2025-3-21 22:27 作者: FACT 時間: 2025-3-22 03:11 作者: 石墨 時間: 2025-3-22 05:06 作者: Hirsutism 時間: 2025-3-22 11:31 作者: Palpable 時間: 2025-3-22 13:45 作者: Palpable 時間: 2025-3-22 17:53
Warm Pool Heat Budget as Simulated by Different Versions of the Echam Modelan et al., 1994; hereinafter R94]. The estimated shortwave cloud radiative forcing at the ocean surface suggests that the solar absorption by clouds might be significantly greater than that obtained from radiative transfer models. The long explored paradox on cloud absorption anomaly [Fritz, 1951; W作者: 臨時抱佛腳 時間: 2025-3-22 22:39 作者: Invertebrate 時間: 2025-3-23 05:03 作者: heartburn 時間: 2025-3-23 09:36 作者: 矛盾 時間: 2025-3-23 12:26 作者: 非實體 時間: 2025-3-23 16:42
Water Vapour and Cloud Feedback in the BMRC AGCM integration of a model using the solar insolation for fixed season and fixed sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and sea ice. The SSTs are perturbed by a uniform amount (usually ± 2°C) about their appropriate climatological values (Alexander and Mobley, 1976). The top of atmosphere (TOA) changes in lon作者: CLAMP 時間: 2025-3-23 19:01 作者: Foment 時間: 2025-3-23 22:46 作者: Vulnerable 時間: 2025-3-24 02:37
Cloud-Radiative Feedback as Produced by Different Parameterizations of Cloud Emissivity in CCM2(1990). This negative cloud feedback is due to enhanced longwave emission caused by reduction of high clouds in a warmer climate (Zhang et al., 1994). Since longwave emission from clouds is closely related with cloud emissivities, and there are large uncertainties in their parameterization in the up作者: 做作 時間: 2025-3-24 08:02
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61053-0Cloud; Snow; atmospheric radiation; atmosph?rische Strahlung; climatology; global warming; globale Erw?rmu作者: Irrigate 時間: 2025-3-24 12:15 作者: sinoatrial-node 時間: 2025-3-24 16:47 作者: 母豬 時間: 2025-3-24 19:59 作者: GLARE 時間: 2025-3-25 01:16 作者: 寬度 時間: 2025-3-25 06:38 作者: nauseate 時間: 2025-3-25 10:08 作者: fringe 時間: 2025-3-25 15:23
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12309-4bsorption by the cloudy atmosphere is greater than theoretical models predict. This result was based on an analysis of the energy budget of the western Pacific warm pool. Shortwave (SW) cloud forcing (C.) refers to the difference between cloudy-sky (all-sky) and clear-sky net downward (downward minu作者: 小歌劇 時間: 2025-3-25 17:10 作者: 臨時抱佛腳 時間: 2025-3-25 21:54 作者: 客觀 時間: 2025-3-26 02:39
Determinants of Internet Use in Switzerlandies. In all, global/monthly records of 16 different variables, produced and archived by Nimbus 7 Radiation Budget and Cloud Data Processing teams, International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP), and TIROS-N Microwave Sounding Unit channel 2 measurements are analysed. Two different types o作者: 并入 時間: 2025-3-26 06:20 作者: Bridle 時間: 2025-3-26 10:28 作者: critic 時間: 2025-3-26 13:52
,A ‘Man of Fiery Temperament’, 1845–1852,nsation, latent heat release and vertical redistribution of energy and water. It is accompanied at the same time with complex cloud systems which influence the atmospheric circulation through interaction with radiation. Convection also contributes to the vertical mixing of other constituents in the 作者: fatuity 時間: 2025-3-26 19:51 作者: 種類 時間: 2025-3-26 22:03
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67184-5, on the cloud generation scheme, and on details of the treatment of the cloud-radiation interactions (overlap assmption, representation of mixed phase clouds). We conclude that, although the ECMWF prognostic cloud scheme is more physically based and gives better representation of clouds and related作者: Intercept 時間: 2025-3-27 02:24
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-68142-8 integration of a model using the solar insolation for fixed season and fixed sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and sea ice. The SSTs are perturbed by a uniform amount (usually ± 2°C) about their appropriate climatological values (Alexander and Mobley, 1976). The top of atmosphere (TOA) changes in lon作者: 易于 時間: 2025-3-27 09:07 作者: 賭博 時間: 2025-3-27 10:03
Dedekinds Untersuchungen zum Zahlbegriff,exploring this subject, are the 3-D General Circulation Models (GCM). The response to an increase in greenhouse gases have shown many differences between models (Schlesinger and Mitchell, 1987).The sensitivity to external forcing is a key parameter of the response of the CGM. Cess and Potter (1988) 作者: rectocele 時間: 2025-3-27 15:09 作者: GROSS 時間: 2025-3-27 20:17 作者: 戲服 時間: 2025-3-27 22:56
,Modelli di percorsi Cammini con capacità,This paper reviews the role of water vapor in climate sensitivity, the factors determining water vapor concentrations, comparisons of observed and model behavior of water vapor, and indirect and direct approaches to determining the actual climate feedback.作者: 吸引人的花招 時間: 2025-3-28 02:16 作者: companion 時間: 2025-3-28 10:09 作者: 暴露他抗議 時間: 2025-3-28 13:34
Evaluation of the Spatio-Temporal Variability of Tropical Convection in GCMs by Using Geostationary ained from a comparison between the ECMWF model and Meteosat data over Africa and the Atlantic Ocean. Three model time series are used based either on “first guess” or on two runs without assimilation. The aim of the “first guess” time series is to validate the response of the cloud parameterization作者: 免除責任 時間: 2025-3-28 18:39 作者: Infantry 時間: 2025-3-28 20:42
GCM Implications for Mechanisms Determining Cloud and Water Vapor Feedbacksion. One might wait instead for a consensus to be reached among climate GCMs about sensitivity, independent of observations.But different GCMs’ may predict similar sensitivities for very different reasons. Finally, one might validate the mean state of GCMs against the many global data sets now becom作者: Silent-Ischemia 時間: 2025-3-29 02:04
Sensitivity of the Simulated Climate to Parameterization of Cloud Optical Properties in the MGO GCMopical latitudes. The net effect produces the surface cooling by 6°C in the northern polar region and by 10°C in Antartica in winter. In tropics, the net cooling due to the effect of the cloud-radiative forcing results in intensification of convection, increase of high clouds and precipitation. The 作者: Inordinate 時間: 2025-3-29 03:25
Water Vapour and Cloud Feedback in the BMRC AGCMs for fixed July conditions in a range of FANGIO (Feedback Analysis of GCMs for Intercomparison and Observations) experiments (e.g. Cess et al., 1990, Randall et al., 1992). Variations on this technique have been used for the investigation of snow feedback (Cess et al., 1991; Randall et al., 1994; C作者: Prostatism 時間: 2025-3-29 09:33
Sensitivity Parameters of the Meteo-France Climate Models: Emeraude and Arpege. Thus, we have the opportunity to compare the sensitivity of these two models which were also used for time-slice 2*.. experiments (mahfouf et al., 1994a et Timbal et al., 1995). Since ARPEGE includes a wider range of options, we have performed three sets of experiments to study the impact of a new作者: MURKY 時間: 2025-3-29 12:02 作者: Orchiectomy 時間: 2025-3-29 17:51
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5293-9ained from a comparison between the ECMWF model and Meteosat data over Africa and the Atlantic Ocean. Three model time series are used based either on “first guess” or on two runs without assimilation. The aim of the “first guess” time series is to validate the response of the cloud parameterization作者: objection 時間: 2025-3-29 20:59 作者: 匯總 時間: 2025-3-30 01:49
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10224-2ion. One might wait instead for a consensus to be reached among climate GCMs about sensitivity, independent of observations.But different GCMs’ may predict similar sensitivities for very different reasons. Finally, one might validate the mean state of GCMs against the many global data sets now becom作者: Hemiparesis 時間: 2025-3-30 06:45 作者: Externalize 時間: 2025-3-30 11:59 作者: Ordnance 時間: 2025-3-30 14:00
Dedekinds Untersuchungen zum Zahlbegriff,. Thus, we have the opportunity to compare the sensitivity of these two models which were also used for time-slice 2*.. experiments (mahfouf et al., 1994a et Timbal et al., 1995). Since ARPEGE includes a wider range of options, we have performed three sets of experiments to study the impact of a new作者: 過度 時間: 2025-3-30 18:57
Conference proceedings 1996they differ in their representation of the hydrological cycle (water vapour, clouds, snow and sea ice, soil moisture) and because a direct validation in terms of sensitivity is not possible. Indirect methods and approaches are therefore necessary to verify the models efficiently. The book provides a作者: 老人病學 時間: 2025-3-30 22:33 作者: Perineum 時間: 2025-3-31 01:38
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12309-4ount error accounts for much of the error in short-wave cloud forcing because short-wave cloud forcing has a linear dependence on cloud amount. Some of the errors in short-wave cloud radiative forcing cannot be explained by errors in cloud amount and may be due to errors in cloud optical properties.作者: Condyle 時間: 2025-3-31 05:21
AMIP Diagnostic Subproject on Cloud Forcing: Some Preliminary Findingsount error accounts for much of the error in short-wave cloud forcing because short-wave cloud forcing has a linear dependence on cloud amount. Some of the errors in short-wave cloud radiative forcing cannot be explained by errors in cloud amount and may be due to errors in cloud optical properties.作者: ventilate 時間: 2025-3-31 09:51
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12309-4unts to an underestimate in atmospheric SW absorption by more than 30 W m., a substantial discrepancy. This result implies that clouds absorbed more SW radiation than expected. There has been a long history of unexplained anomalous cloud absorption of uncertain magnitude (Stephens and Tsay, 1990).作者: 個人長篇演說 時間: 2025-3-31 15:36 作者: 謙虛的人 時間: 2025-3-31 18:56 作者: phytochemicals 時間: 2025-4-1 01:22 作者: 觀點 時間: 2025-4-1 03:03
Cloud Feedbacks in the UKMO Unified modeled in the responses are described. Sensitivity studies with the new model to small changes in the cloud parameterization scheme which have small effects on present day climate also show a wide range of sensitivities to enhanced C0..
