標(biāo)題: Titlebook: Biological Control: Measures of Success; Geoff Gurr,Steve Wratten Book 2000 Kluwer Academic Publishers 2000 arthropods.insects.plant.plant [打印本頁] 作者: 喜悅 時間: 2025-3-21 17:57
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作者: 揭穿真相 時間: 2025-3-21 20:23
Classical Arthropod Biological Control: Measuring Success, Step By Step,; Huffaker and Messenger, 1976; Clausen 1978; Van Driesche and Bellows, 1996; Bellows and Fisher, 1999). Laws governing the conduct of classical biological control vary by country, or may not exist at all. An international code of conduct for the practice of natural enemy introductions has been deve作者: 罐里有戒指 時間: 2025-3-22 03:26
Success in Biological Control of Arthropods by Augmentation of Natural Enemies,ms worldwide. It is a popular biological control approach amongst professional and progressive farmers, and has been stimulated by the present international attitudes regarding reduction of pesticide use. Initially augmentative biological control was used to manage pests that had become resistant to作者: charisma 時間: 2025-3-22 07:35
Success in Conservation Biological Control of Arthropods,everal important texts dealing with conservation biological control were published (Boatman, 1994; Barbosa, 1998; Pickett and Bugg, 1998). These suggest a growing level of international research. However, unlike classical biological control, where databases such as BIOCAT (Greathead and Greathead, 1作者: 不可磨滅 時間: 2025-3-22 09:25
Success in Biological Control of Terrestrial Molluscs,lems. Either they have been introduced into new regions where populations increase in the absence of natural controls, or the levels of crop damage that they inflict are not tolerated in their native region. As a consequence, much effort has been devoted to their management, and biological controls 作者: pus840 時間: 2025-3-22 16:22 作者: Aerate 時間: 2025-3-22 20:01
Success in Biological Control of Terrestrial Weeds by Arthropods,nturies. The first documented case was in the 1860s, when the cochineal insect . (Green) was introduced from India into Sri Lanka, where it successfully controlled prickly pear cactus, . Miller (Rao .., 1971). The next programme, which began in 1902 with the release of 14 control agents for . L., ha作者: aggravate 時間: 2025-3-22 22:58
Success in Biological Control of Plant Pathogens and Nematodes by Microorganisms, general is increasing which has led to reassessment of the chemicals currently on the market, often resulting in their withdrawal (Dingham, 1993; Thomas, 1996). The rate of introduction of products with new active ingredients is slowing and resistance to new chemicals continues to develop in target作者: Substitution 時間: 2025-3-23 02:16
Success in Biological Control of Above-ground Insects by Pathogens,age with the publication of Edward Steinhaus’ book ‘Principles of Insect Pathology’ (1949). Perhaps because this same period also gave birth to the ‘chemical era’ (Chapter 1), comparisons between the success of insect pathogens and the success of chemical insecticides have been inevitable. Viewed in作者: 膠狀 時間: 2025-3-23 05:35
Success in Biological Control of Weeds by Pathogens, Including Bioherbicides,researchers concentrated on native or naturalised fungi, spreading them to target weeds by various means. Results were generally unpredictable and varied with time and location. One fungus that did achieve success was the persimmon wilt fungus, . (Crandall) W. Gams, which though not a commercial pro作者: 高度贊揚 時間: 2025-3-23 11:52
Success in Biological Control of Vertebrate Pests,thogens. Criteria that need to be considered during the development of a vertebrate biological control programme are reviewed. Though enhancement of the activity of such agents through habitat manipulation is included, control of such pests through habitat modification alone (which is sometimes cons作者: breadth 時間: 2025-3-23 14:39
Non-target Effects of Biological Control Agents,nd release of resident native agents (Chapter 3); and importation and release of non-native agents (sometimes termed ‘classical biological control’) (Chapter 2). A fourth strategy is rapidly being developed: genetic manipulation of both native and non-native agents to enhance their effectiveness aga作者: 多產(chǎn)子 時間: 2025-3-23 22:02 作者: Inclement 時間: 2025-3-23 23:06
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1999-3(1974) document successful examples and track the overall development of biological control. Other accounts exist of specific episodes, Dod?s (1940) ‘The Biological Campaign Against Prickly-Pear’, for example. The most recent history available is that of Van Driesche and Bellows (1996). The aim of t作者: 葡萄糖 時間: 2025-3-24 06:10 作者: Brocas-Area 時間: 2025-3-24 07:03 作者: 相一致 時間: 2025-3-24 13:35
Kinematic Synthesis of Mechanismseveral important texts dealing with conservation biological control were published (Boatman, 1994; Barbosa, 1998; Pickett and Bugg, 1998). These suggest a growing level of international research. However, unlike classical biological control, where databases such as BIOCAT (Greathead and Greathead, 1作者: Commonwealth 時間: 2025-3-24 15:57
J. Arnold Soltz,James I. Donna,Glenn Mamonlems. Either they have been introduced into new regions where populations increase in the absence of natural controls, or the levels of crop damage that they inflict are not tolerated in their native region. As a consequence, much effort has been devoted to their management, and biological controls 作者: 粗魯?shù)娜?nbsp; 時間: 2025-3-24 20:01
Frédéric Mazzanti,Clive de la Fuenteoat freely. Most species have structural modifications that enhance their ability to survive in or on water and some exhibit extreme phenotypic plasticity. There are tendencies for aquatic plants to reproduce vegetatively rather than sexually (Sculthorpe, 1967) and their high rate of assimilation of作者: COLON 時間: 2025-3-25 00:45 作者: 節(jié)省 時間: 2025-3-25 05:11 作者: OTHER 時間: 2025-3-25 10:46 作者: Infinitesimal 時間: 2025-3-25 13:44 作者: 的染料 時間: 2025-3-25 16:53 作者: magnanimity 時間: 2025-3-25 21:23
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84012-8nd release of resident native agents (Chapter 3); and importation and release of non-native agents (sometimes termed ‘classical biological control’) (Chapter 2). A fourth strategy is rapidly being developed: genetic manipulation of both native and non-native agents to enhance their effectiveness aga作者: antenna 時間: 2025-3-26 02:02
A. Jacubasch,H. Franke,H.-B. Kuntzeressed by Hopper (1998) and Howarth (1991)). Most practitioners would, however, acknowledge the . for biological control to go wrong and unpredicted off-target impacts to result. Howarth (Chapter 13) presents an analysis of this aspect, illustrated with a range of examples. In Australia the typical 作者: CREST 時間: 2025-3-26 06:36
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4014-0arthropods; insects; plant; plant pathogens作者: 排名真古怪 時間: 2025-3-26 10:00
978-1-4020-1052-1Kluwer Academic Publishers 2000作者: Inflammation 時間: 2025-3-26 12:48 作者: Galactogogue 時間: 2025-3-26 19:19
Success in Biological Control of Terrestrial Molluscs,est’ examples of how poorly planned biological control can itself result in the extinction of non-target species (see also Chapter 13). In this chapter we examine examples of biological control with introduced natural enemies, but focus particularly on control with indigenous natural enemies where t作者: 起皺紋 時間: 2025-3-26 23:12
Success in Biological Control of Terrestrial Weeds by Arthropods,1989). Crawley (1989a) was not much more encouraging when he commented that’ the history of biological weed control is marked by a small number of spectacular successes and a large number of disappointments.’作者: Incumbent 時間: 2025-3-27 04:31
Success in Biological Control of Above-ground Insects by Pathogens,ontrol by pathogens. In doing so, we hope to identify common features among both successful and failed microbial control projects, thus providing guidance in the planning of future microbial control programmes, as well as a better understanding of where our efforts have led us today.作者: 先驅(qū) 時間: 2025-3-27 05:53
Non-target Effects of Biological Control Agents,hat is, any method that reduces the population of an abundant pest organism to below an economic threshold will have community-level effects and therefore will inherently pose environmental risks. The scope of this chapter is to review the published evidence for environmental impacts of biological c作者: 哀悼 時間: 2025-3-27 10:01 作者: objection 時間: 2025-3-27 17:14
ay it be made more successful in the future. With extensive use of contemporary examples, photographs, figures and tables this book will be invaluable to advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students as well as being a `must‘ for all involved in making biological control successful.978-1-4020-1052-1978-94-011-4014-0作者: CRANK 時間: 2025-3-27 20:21
J. Arnold Soltz,James I. Donna,Glenn Mamonest’ examples of how poorly planned biological control can itself result in the extinction of non-target species (see also Chapter 13). In this chapter we examine examples of biological control with introduced natural enemies, but focus particularly on control with indigenous natural enemies where t作者: cancer 時間: 2025-3-28 01:11 作者: 變量 時間: 2025-3-28 05:38 作者: 靦腆 時間: 2025-3-28 07:34
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84012-8hat is, any method that reduces the population of an abundant pest organism to below an economic threshold will have community-level effects and therefore will inherently pose environmental risks. The scope of this chapter is to review the published evidence for environmental impacts of biological c作者: 失望昨天 時間: 2025-3-28 12:08
A. Jacubasch,H. Franke,H.-B. Kuntzeributors to this volume, illustrate the need for biological control to be undertaken in a more rigorous and less hit-and-miss fashion than has sometimes been the case in the past. It will be critical to understand that populations of organisms (including biological control agents) continue to adapt 作者: Pigeon 時間: 2025-3-28 18:07 作者: STERN 時間: 2025-3-28 19:30 作者: Focus-Words 時間: 2025-3-29 02:25
Ernst H. Knickmeyer,Elfriede T. Knickmeyer worldwide ban by 2010 on the use of methyl bromide, because of its role in atmospheric ozone depletion. This will undoubtedly have a huge impact on control of soil-borne pathogens and pests as well as storage diseases (Ristaino and Thomas, 1997).作者: Calculus 時間: 2025-3-29 04:03
Success in Biological Control of Plant Pathogens and Nematodes by Microorganisms, worldwide ban by 2010 on the use of methyl bromide, because of its role in atmospheric ozone depletion. This will undoubtedly have a huge impact on control of soil-borne pathogens and pests as well as storage diseases (Ristaino and Thomas, 1997).作者: Mutter 時間: 2025-3-29 07:19 作者: 新手 時間: 2025-3-29 14:49
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1999-3gical control vary by country, or may not exist at all. An international code of conduct for the practice of natural enemy introductions has been developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and can be consulted for an overview of good practice (Anon., 1997).作者: DUCE 時間: 2025-3-29 15:33 作者: 瘙癢 時間: 2025-3-29 22:34 作者: 善辯 時間: 2025-3-30 00:54 作者: 常到 時間: 2025-3-30 04:44
A History of Methodological, Theoretical and Empirical Approaches to Biological Control,his chapter is not to reproduce or summarise such comprehensive accounts, but rather to propose a chronological framework in which to view the development of various methodological approaches in biological control and to consider how empirical and theoretical inputs have influenced its practice.作者: 用樹皮 時間: 2025-3-30 09:37
Success in Biological Control of Arthropods by Augmentation of Natural Enemies, pesticides. Now it is applied for reasons of efficacy and costs, which are comparable with conventional chemical control. Farmers are also motivated to use this form of biological control to reduce environmental impacts of pesticide use.作者: avenge 時間: 2025-3-30 14:54 作者: MEET 時間: 2025-3-30 20:23
Success in Biological Control of Weeds by Pathogens, Including Bioherbicides,duct, has been used since 1960 to control persimmon trees in Oklahoma rangelands. The fungus is provided free to local landholders by a benevolent foundation. Suspensions of conidia provided in plastic’ squirt’ bottles are applied to wounds made in the trees with a hand axe (G.E. Templeton, personal communication 1988).作者: Lyme-disease 時間: 2025-3-30 23:13 作者: 裝飾 時間: 2025-3-31 01:25
Success in Conservation Biological Control of Arthropods,nch of biological control and, using recently published examples, consider the extent of success that has been achieved. We shall conclude by proposing how the future success of conservation biological control attempts may be maximised.作者: conference 時間: 2025-3-31 08:29 作者: 可忽略 時間: 2025-3-31 09:17
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1999-3his chapter is not to reproduce or summarise such comprehensive accounts, but rather to propose a chronological framework in which to view the development of various methodological approaches in biological control and to consider how empirical and theoretical inputs have influenced its practice.
