作者: 鋼筆記下懲罰 時(shí)間: 2025-3-21 23:13
Angular-Momentum and Spherical Tensor Operators appears in the present chapter is treated more extensively in several monographs that are devoted entirely to angular-momentum theory [. 1957; . 1957; . and . 1959; . and . 1968] and the reader is referred to these books for further details. We have tried, however, to include all the material we ne作者: 狂怒 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 02:25 作者: 墻壁 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 06:04 作者: agglomerate 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 10:17 作者: esthetician 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 16:32
The Central-Field Modelage field due to the nucleus and the other electrons. This assumption reduces the many-electron problem to a number of independent single-electron problems, and it leads to the general unrestricted Hartree-Fock model. For an arbitrary potential the single-particle functions can have quite a complica作者: 單色 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 18:25 作者: flamboyant 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 21:12 作者: overreach 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 03:01 作者: BATE 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 07:29 作者: HEED 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 13:04
Application of Perturbation Theory to Closed-Shell Systemste the diagrammatic expansion for closed-shell systems. This will enable us to represent the wave operator and the energy for such systems in a simple way by means of diagrams. The evaluation of diagrams will be considered in detail, and we shall formulate general rules for their evaluation. We shal作者: debris 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 17:31 作者: CLAM 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 18:56 作者: 激怒某人 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 23:07 作者: 有偏見 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 03:56
Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computinghis technique is used in the fourth chapter to develop tensor-operator methods further. In later chapters angular-momentum graphs will be used frequently to evaluate the angular part of interaction matrix elements.作者: 匍匐 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 08:55
Fuzzy Multiple Objective Decision Makingver. The technique of ., developed by . [1943, 1949], represents an enormous improvement. This technique has been described in several textbooks and monographs [. 1960; . 1963a, 1967; . 1965a; . and . 1970].作者: 光明正大 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 12:06
Angular-Momentum and Spherical Tensor Operatorshis technique is used in the fourth chapter to develop tensor-operator methods further. In later chapters angular-momentum graphs will be used frequently to evaluate the angular part of interaction matrix elements.作者: EXALT 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 16:36
Many-Electron Wave Functionsver. The technique of ., developed by . [1943, 1949], represents an enormous improvement. This technique has been described in several textbooks and monographs [. 1960; . 1963a, 1967; . 1965a; . and . 1970].作者: 使入迷 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 22:17 作者: assent 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 00:53 作者: 預(yù)兆好 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 04:07
Weldon A. Lodwick,Elizabeth Untiedt developed in the previous chapters, we shall still separate the single-particle states into . categories, which can be referred to as “particle” and “hole” states, respectively. In this formalism we have the option of treating the valence shell(s) either as particles or as holes, which gives some additional flexibility.作者: 向宇宙 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 09:04
Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing considering one- and two-particle equations, it is possible to treat the dominating correlation effect, namely the ., in a complete way. This appears to be a very promising approach for an accurate treatment of the electron correlation for atomic and molecular systems.作者: 撫育 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 12:19
Introductionrons. The first direct evidence of atomic shell structure was given by optical spectroscopy and x-ray absorption data. Nowadays, modern techniques, such as x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and laser spectroscopy, provide us with a wide variety of accurate information about the structure of the atom.作者: 廢除 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 16:41
The Independent-Particle Modelerically symmetric. This is the central-field model, which together with the variation principle leads to the restricted Hartree-Fock equations. The central-field model forms the basis of the atomic shell structure and the chemical regularity of the elements.作者: Outmoded 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 23:31
Application of Perturbation Theory to Open-Shell Systems developed in the previous chapters, we shall still separate the single-particle states into . categories, which can be referred to as “particle” and “hole” states, respectively. In this formalism we have the option of treating the valence shell(s) either as particles or as holes, which gives some additional flexibility.作者: 賞錢 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 01:38
The Pair-Correlation Problem and the Coupled-Cluster Approach considering one- and two-particle equations, it is possible to treat the dominating correlation effect, namely the ., in a complete way. This appears to be a very promising approach for an accurate treatment of the electron correlation for atomic and molecular systems.作者: FIN 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 05:42
Book 19821st edition limited to static atomic prop- erties, such as the effective electron-electron interaction, but the formalism can be extended without major difficulties to include dynamic properties, such as transition probabilities and dynamic polarizabilities.作者: Anecdote 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 11:31 作者: quiet-sleep 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 13:44 作者: genesis 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 20:44
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57949-3the previous chapter. This process leads to the ordinary Hartree-Fock (HF) model, and it is often called the “restricted” HF procedure, in order to distinguish it from the more general or “unrestricted” HF method, discussed in Chap. 5.作者: corn732 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 22:48
Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing way by means of diagrams. The evaluation of diagrams will be considered in detail, and we shall formulate general rules for their evaluation. We shall also discuss the separation of the diagrams into radial and spin-angular parts, taking advantage of the angular-momentum graphs developed in the earlier chapters.作者: 出沒 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 04:28
Alexander Yazenin,Ilia Soldatenkooved fit to the experimental results can be obtained if the radial integrals appearing in the hyperfine Hamiltonian are treated as free parameters in a way similar to our treatment of the Slater parameters in the previous chapter.作者: 挫敗 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 07:04
The Hartree-Fock Modelthe previous chapter. This process leads to the ordinary Hartree-Fock (HF) model, and it is often called the “restricted” HF procedure, in order to distinguish it from the more general or “unrestricted” HF method, discussed in Chap. 5.作者: 陰謀 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 12:22
Application of Perturbation Theory to Closed-Shell Systems way by means of diagrams. The evaluation of diagrams will be considered in detail, and we shall formulate general rules for their evaluation. We shall also discuss the separation of the diagrams into radial and spin-angular parts, taking advantage of the angular-momentum graphs developed in the earlier chapters.作者: 禮節(jié) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 15:24
The Hyperfine Interactionoved fit to the experimental results can be obtained if the radial integrals appearing in the hyperfine Hamiltonian are treated as free parameters in a way similar to our treatment of the Slater parameters in the previous chapter.作者: 的染料 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 18:26 作者: 起來了 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 00:21
Florentin Smarandache,Mumtaz Ali,Mohsin Khantem—in some detail. This example clearly demonstrates the usefulness of the graphical technique in dealing with angular-momentum problems of certain complexity. In a later chapter (Chap. 8)—after having studied the physical properties of atoms more systematically—we shall extend the technique further and apply it to general many-electron systems.作者: GUILE 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 04:56
Fuzzy Multiple Attribute Decision Makingted form, however, and the problem is considerably simplified if we assume that the potential is spherically symmetric. The single-electron orbitais can then be written as a product of a radial function, a spherical harmonic and a spin function. This is the well-known central-field approximation.作者: 搖晃 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 09:55
Angular-Momentum Graphshas been further developed by a number of authors [. and . 1968; . 1971, . and . 1972]. In this book we shall use graphical methods extensively, and we shall follow mainly the works of . and . and of ..作者: 博識(shí) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 12:50 作者: 就職 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 16:19 作者: 披肩 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 20:47 作者: 斷斷續(xù)續(xù) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 00:06
First-Order Perturbation for Closed-Shell AtomsWe shall now apply the perturbation theory, developed in the previous chapter, to determine the first-order wave function and the first-order energy of a closed-shell atom. This will provide a simple application of the formalism and serve as an introduction to the graphical procedure which will be extensively used in the following chapters.作者: 形上升才刺激 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 04:36 作者: Audiometry 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 08:09 作者: 牽索 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 15:00 作者: 相同 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 17:47 作者: resilience 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 23:11 作者: exclamation 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 00:24 作者: Senescent 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 04:19 作者: Aesthete 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 10:13
Florentin Smarandache,Mumtaz Ali,Mohsin Khan . (JLV) [1962]. We shall then use these theorems to derive a general expression for the matrix elements of a tensor-operator product between coupled states in a purely graphical way. Finally, we shall apply these results to an important physical problem—the Coulomb interaction of a two-electron sys作者: Heretical 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 16:11
Fuzzy Sets and Their Operations,red some physical problems, like the Coulomb interaction. We are now in a position to study atomic properties in a more systematic way. In the present chapter we shall investigate the Hamiltonian for many-electron atoms and the independent-particle model in which the electrons are assumed to move in作者: Pandemic 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 18:01
Fuzzy Multiple Attribute Decision Makingage field due to the nucleus and the other electrons. This assumption reduces the many-electron problem to a number of independent single-electron problems, and it leads to the general unrestricted Hartree-Fock model. For an arbitrary potential the single-particle functions can have quite a complica作者: 芳香一點(diǎn) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 00:01 作者: CLASP 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 01:46
Fuzzy Multiple Objective Decision Makingsystems provides no fundamental difficulty. Using the standard technique of . and . [1935], described in Chap. 5, one can set up the matrix of the Hamiltonian with Slater determinants as basis functions. The zeroth-order wave function and the first-order energy splitting are then obtained from the e作者: Delude 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 06:29
Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computingds of atomic systems. In the first part of the book we have built up an approximate atomic model, based on the central-field concept. In that model the electrons move independently in a central potential, and the single-electron wave functions can be separated into radial, angular and spin parts. Th
