作者: PAN 時(shí)間: 2025-3-21 22:43 作者: antedate 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 04:08
Auger-Electron Spectrometry of Core Levels of Atomsas a nonradiative transition, the first systematic experimental and theoretical investigations started only in the mid-1950s. On the experimental side this became possible due to the development of high-resolution .-ray spectrometers which, besides for .-ray spectroscopy, were also used for the stud作者: 陰謀小團(tuán)體 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 06:00
Experimental Evaluation of Inner-Vacancy Level Energies for Comparison with Theoryspecially as regards the deeper lying levels of heavier atoms one is obliged to use a relativistic formulation which entails a number of questions. Firstly any structure which emerges from the Dirac one-electron problem shares with it questions about proper accounting of the role of negative-energy 作者: 執(zhí) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 09:02
Mechanisms for Energy Shifts of Atomic , X Raysns of suitably designed spectrometers, to be discussed in Sec. 2, it is possible to observe minute energy shifts. The main part of the present Chapter is devoted to experiments in which such shifts are observed, and to their interpretation.作者: 芳香一點(diǎn) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 16:50 作者: 配偶 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 20:59 作者: Hyperalgesia 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 21:46 作者: 加劇 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 04:54 作者: Adulterate 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 06:21
Electron—Atom Bremsstrahlung attention on incident electrons with kinetic energies.. in the 100-eV to 10-MeV range (and especially for 1 keV to 1 MeV) and radiated photons in the vacuum ultraviolet, X-ray, and soft γ-ray regimes. Electron bremsstrahlung is only one particular consequence of the general coupling of the electrom作者: Antimicrobial 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 10:18 作者: BLAZE 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 17:46 作者: Basal-Ganglia 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 18:36
X-Ray Processes in Heavy-Ion Collisionsve measurements on high-energy atomic collisions using the heaviest possible collision partners have been carried out. Although some of the features exhibited by the lighter encounters simply scale uniformly with increasing atomic number . (Meyerhof .., 1977a; Mokler .., 1978, 1983), the large Coulo作者: 符合國情 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 00:08 作者: 高度表 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 02:39 作者: 微生物 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 08:37
Fuzzy Modeling and Fuzzy Controlls as one proceeds from X-ray toward γ-ray photon energies. Depending therefore on the choice of energy and scattering angle, the process can be used as a sensitive probe of either inner-shell or outer-shell (and atomic environment) structure.作者: misshapen 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 12:48
Relativistic Calculation of Atomic Transition Probabilitiesare used in most of the atomic inner-shell transition calculations. In this chapter, we will review the theoretical calculations of atomic inner-shell transition probabilities from independent-particle models and explore some factors affecting the inner-shell transition rates, with special emphasis on the effects of relativity.作者: Melanoma 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 15:13 作者: 不能平靜 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 22:31 作者: candle 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 23:17 作者: 光亮 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 04:04 作者: 發(fā)現(xiàn) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 08:58
Experimental Evaluation of Inner-Vacancy Level Energies for Comparison with Theoryelativistic Hamiltonian (Weiss, 1981; Desclaux, 1979) with the static electron-electron interaction included in the Hamiltonian while transverse photon exchange (the Breit interaction), self-energy, and vacuum polarization are treated perturbatively.作者: NAV 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 13:40
Auger-Electron Spectrometry of Core Levels of Atomsy of Auger transitions following internal conversion or electron capture in radioactive decay. On the theoretical side the development was mainly due to the availability of fast electronic computers (for a historic sketch see Crasemann, 1973).作者: ARM 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 19:48 作者: 立即 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 23:07
Book 1985n-radiation sources and heavy-ion accelerators, have greatly enhan- ced the scope of problems that are accessible. The level of research activity is growing substantially; added incentives are provided by the importance of inner-shell processes in such diverse areas as plasma studies, astrophysics, 作者: 說笑 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 01:52 作者: Opponent 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 07:00
Inelastic X-Ray Scattering Including Resonance Phenomenaunder resonance conditions differential cross sections can typically increase 10. fold. Wiggler and undulator magnets in dedicated storage rings should make it feasible to study off-resonance scattering both in the X-ray (Eisenberger, 1980) and the ultraviolet region.作者: intertwine 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 08:59
Damiano Rotondo,Fatiha Nejjari,Vicen? Puigy of Auger transitions following internal conversion or electron capture in radioactive decay. On the theoretical side the development was mainly due to the availability of fast electronic computers (for a historic sketch see Crasemann, 1973).作者: 不遵守 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 16:20 作者: cartilage 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 17:40 作者: 嘲笑 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 23:49
Atomic Physics Research with Synchrotron Radiationmajor advances in facilities for the production of synchrotron light that are certain to engender a great increase in its use for the exploration of atomic inner shells. This appears to be a good time, therefore, for some retrospection and a survey, albeit brief and incomplete, of applications of synchrotron light in atomic and molecular physics.作者: 抱狗不敢前 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 04:54 作者: dermatomyositis 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 05:32
The Stability of Fuzzy Control Systems,ons from the target atom may be ejected or excited to different orbits. In many of these atomic processes, the quantitative study of the transition based on the straightforward independent-particle calculation, when compared with the experimental measurement, fails to provide a satisfactory physical作者: 使長胖 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 13:16
Damiano Rotondo,Fatiha Nejjari,Vicen? Puigas a nonradiative transition, the first systematic experimental and theoretical investigations started only in the mid-1950s. On the experimental side this became possible due to the development of high-resolution .-ray spectrometers which, besides for .-ray spectroscopy, were also used for the stud作者: nostrum 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 16:49
Santiago Sánchez-Solano,María Broxspecially as regards the deeper lying levels of heavier atoms one is obliged to use a relativistic formulation which entails a number of questions. Firstly any structure which emerges from the Dirac one-electron problem shares with it questions about proper accounting of the role of negative-energy 作者: aesthetic 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 18:06
Juan Manuel Esca?o,Carlos Bordonsns of suitably designed spectrometers, to be discussed in Sec. 2, it is possible to observe minute energy shifts. The main part of the present Chapter is devoted to experiments in which such shifts are observed, and to their interpretation.作者: infatuation 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 00:28 作者: CLEFT 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 02:06
Fuzzy Modeling and Fuzzy Control detected final state. This information is usually formulated in terms of transition probabilities. In order to obtain well-defined transition probabilities experimentally, one tries to define initial and final states as well as possible by the experimental setup. In an ideal case, initial and final作者: Mechanics 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 10:11 作者: SNEER 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 14:06
Fuzzy Modeling and Fuzzy Control scattering. Except in the forward direction, this scattering (for any given angle) is increasingly dominated by scattering from the inner atomic shells as one proceeds from X-ray toward γ-ray photon energies. Depending therefore on the choice of energy and scattering angle, the process can be used 作者: Constrain 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 17:17 作者: 條約 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 19:52
Fuzzy Modeling and Fuzzy Controly unstudied. Atomic electrons can play an important role in γ-decay (internal conversion) or beta decay (electron capture) especially when the normal nuclear decay rates are small, e.g., when they are suppressed by unfavorable selection rules or energies. Aside from providing the all-important Coulo作者: municipality 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 23:11 作者: Condyle 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 05:54
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-8176-4539-7ve measurements on high-energy atomic collisions using the heaviest possible collision partners have been carried out. Although some of the features exhibited by the lighter encounters simply scale uniformly with increasing atomic number . (Meyerhof .., 1977a; Mokler .., 1978, 1983), the large Coulo作者: 思想流動 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 09:58 作者: 乳白光 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 13:10
978-1-4612-9472-6Springer Science+Business Media New York 1985作者: tattle 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 17:20 作者: 證明無罪 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 22:44 作者: Factorable 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 03:48 作者: 吞噬 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 05:46 作者: Affirm 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 09:51 作者: 正式演說 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 13:27
Juan Manuel Esca?o,Carlos Bordonsns of suitably designed spectrometers, to be discussed in Sec. 2, it is possible to observe minute energy shifts. The main part of the present Chapter is devoted to experiments in which such shifts are observed, and to their interpretation.作者: Externalize 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 18:50 作者: 可卡 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 23:10
Fuzzy Modeling and Fuzzy Controlal state, the state vector representing the intermediate state is a coherent sum of the substate vectors, and consequently the transition probability .. is a coherent sum, squared, of amplitudes belonging to the different intermediate substates.作者: GROG 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 03:10 作者: Facilities 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 08:40
Fuzzy Modeling and Fuzzy Control radii, which are enormous compared with the size of the nuclei. Also, in spite of this, atomic physicists generally avoid making measurements of electron excitation cross sections or probabilities in collisions where nuclear reactions are possible. Most measurements are made with low-energy project作者: Anal-Canal 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 12:39 作者: Ossification 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 13:49 作者: Stable-Angina 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 17:59
e electron self-energy and the limits of validity of the present form of the frequency-dependent Breit interaction, to name but two. The many-body problem, which pervades virtually all of physics, presents somewhat less intractable aspects in the atomic inner-shell regime: correlations are relatively weak so 978-1-4612-9472-6978-1-4613-2417-1
