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標(biāo)題: Titlebook: Applying Fuzzy Mathematics to Formal Models in Comparative Politics; Terry D. Clark,Jennifer M. Larson,Mark J. Wierman Book 2008 Springer- [打印本頁]

作者: 出租    時(shí)間: 2025-3-21 17:37
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作者: 易受刺激    時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 00:47
Fuzzy One-Dimensional Models, over any two distinct policies however similar, the model yields predictions about when a president would accept a proposal and when she would exercise a veto. We conclude the crisp section by explaining limitations implicit in such assumptions, limitations that a fuzzy reformulation can bypass..Th
作者: 背書    時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 03:38

作者: 加強(qiáng)防衛(wèi)    時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 07:13
Estimating Fuzzy Policy Preferences, we leave the issue open and instead use an understanding of intensity to guide our choice of aggregation operators, discussed in the next section..Spatial models are useful because they provide a visual representation of preferences. To derive predictions from a spatial model, we need to know how a
作者: etidronate    時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 13:36
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18315-8ea studies tradition that emphasizes description and interpretive approaches over theory building and hypothesis testing, scholars analyzing the political systems of nation-states have largely eschewed cross-regional comparisons, let alone formal, deductive models.
作者: carbohydrate    時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 17:03
Fields with Discrete Valuationsecisely specify the elements that are members of a set. The notion of membership in a crisp set is simple: an object either is or is not a member of a set. Fuzzy sets allow the possibility of partial membership. An object may partially be a member of the fuzzy set, another object may be more a membe
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作者: 極小量    時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 03:41
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5404-4 is possible over the entire two-dimensional space. In order to reduce the likelihood of cycling, scholars have adopted increasingly restrictive assumptions in their models. While this has permitted the models to predict outcomes, increasingly restrictive assumptions remove the models further from r
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作者: institute    時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 13:47
Book 2008onal models of fuzzy preference landscapes and characterizes the surprisingly high levels of stability that emerge from interactions between players operating within these models. The material presented makes it a good text for a graduate seminar in formal modeling. It is also suitable as an introdu
作者: 祖先    時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 16:02
Applying Fuzzy Mathematics to Formal Models in Comparative Politics
作者: 終端    時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 19:42

作者: 遠(yuǎn)足    時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 23:45
Applying Fuzzy Set Theory to Comparative Politics,o - political science remained largely normative and inductive until the 1950s. Not surprisingly, many of the first works analyzing politics using mathematical models were written by economists (for example, Downs, 1957; Olson, 1965; Buchanan and Tullock, 1962) Since then the discipline has made sig
作者: genesis    時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 07:22
Fuzzy Set Theory,nal work. A number of scholars have since discussed several aspects of fuzzy set theory pertinent to the social sciences. Perhaps the best overview is provided by Smithson and Verkuilen (2006). Among the more thoroughly discussed topics are the construction of fuzzy numbers (Smithson and Verkuilen,
作者: 折磨    時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 09:16
Fuzzy Geometry,e area, heights, width, diameter, and perimeter of fuzzy subsets are fuzzy numbers. The chapter lays the basic groundwork for the models that we develop in the ensuing chapters, particularly chapter five. Those readers not interested in the formalism behind the geometry of these models will find the
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作者: Isthmus    時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 17:38
Fuzzy Spatial Models,parties engaged in cabinet formation must concern themselves with several issue dimensions in determining a government program capable of uniting a legislative majority. Hence, spatial models must incorporate .?>?1 dimensions to be useful. Unfortunately, increasing the space to include multiple dime
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Terry D. Clark,Jennifer M. Larson,Mark J. WiermanApplications of fuzziness to politics
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作者: 喚起    時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 17:16
Fields with Discrete Valuationsnal work. A number of scholars have since discussed several aspects of fuzzy set theory pertinent to the social sciences. Perhaps the best overview is provided by Smithson and Verkuilen (2006). Among the more thoroughly discussed topics are the construction of fuzzy numbers (Smithson and Verkuilen,
作者: 裙帶關(guān)系    時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 00:17

作者: 音樂學(xué)者    時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 02:44
THE DISTRIBUTION OF PRIME NUMBERS,olitical actors and the design of institutions that aggregate those preferences into a single policy choice. Spatial models plot preferences and policies in n–dimensional issue space and use rules of geometry over that space to make predictions. In this chapter, we introduce the single dimensional m
作者: Insensate    時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 07:33
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5404-4parties engaged in cabinet formation must concern themselves with several issue dimensions in determining a government program capable of uniting a legislative majority. Hence, spatial models must incorporate .?>?1 dimensions to be useful. Unfortunately, increasing the space to include multiple dime
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作者: 微枝末節(jié)    時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 18:41
Applying Fuzzy Mathematics to Formal Models in Comparative Politics978-3-540-77461-7Series ISSN 1434-9922 Series E-ISSN 1860-0808
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