作者: temperate 時(shí)間: 2025-3-21 21:00
Plant reproduction,d expand their range into new open land? How do they ensure the maintenance of intra-population diversity required for sustained ground cover in a harsh and ever changing environment? There are three ways:作者: Sleep-Paralysis 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 00:50 作者: 吸氣 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 08:02
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1999作者: 灌輸 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 09:11 作者: facilitate 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 15:20 作者: phlegm 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 19:27 作者: 愉快嗎 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 22:52
http://image.papertrans.cn/a/image/153917.jpg作者: 赦免 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 03:42 作者: 不開心 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 06:58 作者: NEXUS 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 10:52 作者: TAP 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 13:57
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57338-5 meteorological station with all its weather masts confirms: +4°C air temperature, 5 ms. wind speed, 40% relative humidity. While our mountaineer experiences the harsh life in the mountains, the world looks different for those who stay close to ground. Micrometeorological research in alpine vegetati作者: Esophagus 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 19:40
G. W. Bassett Jr.,M. -Y. S. Tam,K. Knightration of anywhere between 330 and a few days (in the tropics) per year. In some cases, at higher latitudes, alpine plants may even have to (and do) survive one or two years of permanent snowpack, as can happen due to yearly variable snow distribution by wind (Moser et al. 1977). Snow cover strongly作者: RALES 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 00:24
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57338-5distances one can find a large variety of alpine soil types, ranging from alpine sand drifts to peat bogs, from shallow A/C (e.g. rendzina) soils to the deeply weathered profiles of some alpine grassland soils. Vegetation mosaics closely follow these below-ground patterns as was documented in a firs作者: prostatitis 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 03:58
Lift-zonoid and Multivariate Depths, beyond which massive single stems and tall crowns either can not be developed, become unaffordable or are disadvantageous (Fig. 7.1). Why do trees disappear above a certain elevation, what causes the alpine zone to be treeless, i.e. “alpine”? The answer to this question would also indicate which fu作者: Tortuous 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 09:28 作者: GRATE 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 12:06
Developments in Rubber Technology—2hortage does occur, and contributes to the overall impact of the physical environment on mountain plants (Fig. 9.1). In this chapter I will first discuss the overall hydrological situation, the land area based water balance and soil moisture at alpine altitudes — aspects which have strong links with作者: Perineum 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 17:48 作者: Dawdle 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 19:13
Quality Requirements and Rubber Mixing,. by a plant depends on the specific activity of its leaves and the total amount (mass or area) of leaves present per total plant mass. Leaf photosynthesis depends on three processes: (1) the diffusion of CO. from the free atmosphere to the site of carboxylation in chloroplasts, (2) the biochemical 作者: 耐寒 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 00:06 作者: MAIZE 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 04:03 作者: painkillers 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 11:29 作者: defile 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 13:47 作者: manifestation 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 18:11 作者: NOTCH 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 21:52
Representative Power and the Russian State However, these natural changes are commonly rather slow and of a largely physical nature. The current human-induced changes are rather rapid, include chemical influences (CO., soluble N, acid rain) as well as land surface management, causing unprecedented impacts (Messerli and Ives 1984, 1997; K?rn作者: micronutrients 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 03:18 作者: Halfhearted 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 05:52 作者: 名字的誤用 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 09:47 作者: CAJ 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 16:00 作者: Fluctuate 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 19:08
Life under snow: protection and limitation,ration of anywhere between 330 and a few days (in the tropics) per year. In some cases, at higher latitudes, alpine plants may even have to (and do) survive one or two years of permanent snowpack, as can happen due to yearly variable snow distribution by wind (Moser et al. 1977). Snow cover strongly作者: 圣歌 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 23:39
Alpine soils,distances one can find a large variety of alpine soil types, ranging from alpine sand drifts to peat bogs, from shallow A/C (e.g. rendzina) soils to the deeply weathered profiles of some alpine grassland soils. Vegetation mosaics closely follow these below-ground patterns as was documented in a firs作者: geometrician 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 04:34
Alpine treelines, beyond which massive single stems and tall crowns either can not be developed, become unaffordable or are disadvantageous (Fig. 7.1). Why do trees disappear above a certain elevation, what causes the alpine zone to be treeless, i.e. “alpine”? The answer to this question would also indicate which fu作者: 發(fā)源 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 06:48 作者: 北極人 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 12:05
Water relations,hortage does occur, and contributes to the overall impact of the physical environment on mountain plants (Fig. 9.1). In this chapter I will first discuss the overall hydrological situation, the land area based water balance and soil moisture at alpine altitudes — aspects which have strong links with作者: 膽大 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 15:29
Mineral nutrition,t spatial scales of one to a few meters and can be quite extreme, as illustrated by Figure 10.1. In regions with traditional alpine cattle farming such as the Alps, a multitude of unintended “fertilizer experiments” demonstrate how local nutrient addition (redistribution) can influence alpine vegeta作者: 驚惶 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 18:24 作者: nuclear-tests 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 23:17 作者: Genteel 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 03:12
Growth dynamics,roots rather than stems, but the biomass fraction invested in leaves is the same as in comparable morphotypes at low altitude. However, interspecific variation in these traits is far greater than the mean elevational difference for communities. Non-structural carbon compounds (carbohydrates, lipids)作者: Intact 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 08:34 作者: 修飾語 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 12:44
Plant biomass production,placed in the context of interactions, the growth of many other leaves and plants. A slowing down of one individual may be balanced by enhanced growth of another, hence only a consideration of all members of a plant community will reveal what may be the typical biomass production for a certain envir作者: 喃喃而言 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 15:09
Plant reproduction,d expand their range into new open land? How do they ensure the maintenance of intra-population diversity required for sustained ground cover in a harsh and ever changing environment? There are three ways:作者: Acquired 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 20:27 作者: 開花期女 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 23:41 作者: Cougar 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 06:38
Developments in Robust Statisticsthe tropics or in Alaska? Obviously THE alpine climate does not exist and meteorologists or biologists, a mountaineerer or a nematode in the soil will have different views on the subject, and a number of biased assumptions about the alpine climate can be found in the literature. Here are some classics:作者: 清真寺 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 08:29 作者: 敵手 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 15:20 作者: 高歌 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 15:43
Developments in Russian Politics 4tion of new cells involves a suite of synthetic steps, all potentially as sensitive, or even more so, to low temperature than the production of the raw materials for cell formation, photosynthates and amino acids in particular.作者: 招致 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 20:04
The Rocky Road from Plan to Market of another, hence only a consideration of all members of a plant community will reveal what may be the typical biomass production for a certain environment. Plants may respond in quite different ways if growing together, rather than alone.作者: evasive 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 02:57 作者: auxiliary 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 05:57 作者: 身心疲憊 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 11:20 作者: 假裝是我 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 13:17 作者: 干涉 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 17:28 作者: enflame 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 22:18
Textbook 19991st editionological ecology of water-, nutritional- and carbon relations of alpine plants, plant stress and plant development, biomass production, aspects of reproductive biology, and human impacts on alpine vegetation. Geographically the book covers all parts of the world including the tropics.作者: 生命 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 02:26 作者: LEER 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 08:10
Representative Power and the Russian Stateer 1992, 1994; Price 1995a,b). Intensification or the rapid abandonment of alpine land use are the most immediate dangers, followed by potential consequences of altered atmospheric composition. Climatic changes exceeding those seen in the recent past (warming, more intense rain events, reduced snow cover) may also become critical in places.作者: 無表情 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 10:16
Alpine treelines,nctional attributes alpine plants must have to be where trees are unable to be. Thus, there is a reciprocal interest in this question, upslope for forest ecology, and downslope (because of its lower boundary) for alpine ecology.作者: Small-Intestine 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 16:43
Global change at high elevation,er 1992, 1994; Price 1995a,b). Intensification or the rapid abandonment of alpine land use are the most immediate dangers, followed by potential consequences of altered atmospheric composition. Climatic changes exceeding those seen in the recent past (warming, more intense rain events, reduced snow cover) may also become critical in places.作者: 鋼筆記下懲罰 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 20:59
Richard Maguire B.Eng, M.Sc, C.Eng, MIMechEnce here? Because survival of both drought and freezing temperatures requires cell membranes which can tolerate dehydration. When plant tissues freeze, ice is first formed in gaps between cells, which draws water from protoplasts (see Chap. 8).作者: 比賽用背帶 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 23:13
G. W. Bassett Jr.,M. -Y. S. Tam,K. Knightian or Bavarian) used by farmers in the Alps refer to man-made pastures for summer grazing at or below the upper treeline. In today’s common language “alpine” is often applied to whole mountain regions including valleys and townships or is used as a general substitute for mountains.作者: 解決 時(shí)間: 2025-4-1 02:31
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57338-5plants, may be +27°C, 98% relative humidity and no convective air movement — life in a humid tropical forest? Seed beds of alpine plants on dark humic soils exposed to full sunlight have been shown to heat up to temperatures of around 80°C (Alps of Tirol, Turner 1958b; Australian Snowy Mountains, K?rner and Cochrane 1983).作者: 網(wǎng)絡(luò)添麻煩 時(shí)間: 2025-4-1 07:24
G. W. Bassett Jr.,M. -Y. S. Tam,K. Knighte conditions for life and plant responses under snow at high altitudes. For more extensive treatments of snow physics and the climate under snow I refer to Geiger (1965), Gray and Male (1981), and Marchand (1991).作者: CREST 時(shí)間: 2025-4-1 12:57
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57338-5ution in alpine terrain (see the reviews by Neuwinger 1970, 1980; Gracanin 1972; Retzer 1974; Franz 1979). Here I will not enter the complicated matter of alpine soil typology (I refer to the above texts), but try to summarize some generally important aspects of soil formation and function in the alpine zone.
