作者: 反抗者 時(shí)間: 2025-3-21 23:08
978-3-030-10085-8The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2018作者: pulmonary 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 00:58
http://image.papertrans.cn/w/image/1028155.jpg作者: 使虛弱 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 08:24
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71631-2Paramilitary operations; covert action; US military; hybrid warfare; proxy warfare; CIA; US foreign policy作者: 非實(shí)體 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 08:52 作者: 取回 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 16:07
Armin Krishnanition. is a unique, comprehensive resource and will prove a valuable guide to all nutritionists, physicians, nurses, dietitians, and speech-language and occupational therapists who provide care for the rapidly 978-1-60327-385-5Series ISSN 2628-197X Series E-ISSN 2628-1961 作者: 性上癮 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 17:36
Armin Krishnanstitutional interplay in relation to several general institutional functions: reducing uncertainty, connecting individuals to society, fostering adaptive capacity, and mobilizing resource utilization. By providing a structure to examine complex institutional relationships, the IEM is a significant i作者: 取消 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 22:59
Armin Krishnan manage climate crisis by enhancing adaptive capacity in rural communities of Southern Mexico. This educational approach was challenge-based learning and utilized systems thinking under a socio-ecological framework. Design thinking methodology was implemented to facilitate biotechnological innovatio作者: hysterectomy 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 02:38
Armin Krishnane change, the envelope optimization, whichever climate type, is the most effective way to reduce the building energy dependency and increase the indoor thermal comfort. In this regard, the integration of phase change materials (PCM) into the building envelope can produce a sort of extra thermal capa作者: stratum-corneum 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 06:31
Armin Krishnant the outcome of this research will contribute in designing program through an elaborate understanding of the degree of household’s vulnerability to climate variability which will enable policy makers to formulate policies that will be beneficial to affected persons and areas.作者: 不連貫 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 10:40
Armin Krishnan extent of their symptoms and impairment, and informing the clinician of symptom presentation and areas of impairment in each individual patient. This chapter is designed to aid clinicians and researchers in choosing empirically driven measures to guide their clinical and research endeavors for each作者: 無(wú)聊點(diǎn)好 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 17:12
Armin Krishnanroaches have meanwhile been developed in parallel, although they were not taken into account during the initial founding phase of econometrics. A “classic” approach was instead adopted in this respect, albeit with an additional difficulty: the taking into account of time. Cliometrics initially follo作者: 粉筆 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 19:31 作者: overreach 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 22:52 作者: Infuriate 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 06:00
What Are Paramilitary Operations?, book in terms of the PMOs that are considered, namely only pro-insurgency PMOs that support rebel forces or guerrillas. The chapter discusses the motivations for undertaking PMOs and the challenge of measuring the success of PMOs. It is proposed that the ultimate measure of success is the battlefie作者: Dendritic-Cells 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 09:50
A Short History of US Paramilitary Operations,ix eras of covert operations: the early Cold War, the ‘golden era’ of covert operations, the Vietnam era, the post-Vietnam era, the Clinton era, and the War on Terror. It is demonstrated that PMOs have been a persistent feature of U.S. foreign policy and it is discussed how PMOs evolved over the cou作者: 消息靈通 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 12:00 作者: enlist 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 15:34 作者: 疏忽 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 22:42
Accountability in Paramilitary Operations,e aspect of U.S. foreign policy. The chapter provides an overview of key legislation and regulation and how it was historically put into place. It summarizes how Congress has interfered with PMOs over the years. It is argued that although no administration can hide a major PMO from Congress, there a作者: aqueduct 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 02:59
Critical Loss of Control,ent in the way the U.S. government has approached PMOs in the past. There are two sets of principals (Congress and White House) and three sets of agents (national security bureaucracy, partner states, and proxy forces) in a contractor, subcontractor, and sub-subcontractor relationship, which creates作者: Genistein 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 06:05 作者: 異端 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 10:35
Endgames and Outcomes,proxies achieving military victory. In half of these successes, a more direct U.S. military intervention was necessary to secure the desired outcome. The chapter discusses causes of success and failure and argues that even the successes were highly problematic with respect to bringing into power inc作者: EXTOL 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 15:43
The Disposal Problem,. This chapter argues that the disposal problem is threefold as it concerns manpower, weapons, and covert networks, all of which would need to be dismantled or neutralized at the end of a PMO, which rarely happens. Many foreign individuals, who have received U.S. paramilitary training, went on to jo作者: 蘑菇 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 16:32 作者: hypertension 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 21:42
Book 2018ains why many of these operations either failed entirely to achieve their objective, or why they produced negative consequences that greatly diminished their benefits. The chapters cover important aspects of what PMOs are, the history of U.S. PMOs, how they function, the dilemmas of secrecy and acco作者: foppish 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 00:28
literature and an array of primary sources.Adds a theoreticThis book analyzes U.S. pro-insurgency paramilitary operations (PMOs) or U.S. proxy warfare from the beginning of the Cold War to the present and explains why many of these operations either failed entirely to achieve their objective, or wh作者: 異端邪說(shuō)2 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 08:20 作者: output 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 10:59 作者: MIRTH 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 16:09
Accountability in Paramilitary Operations,e possibility and effectiveness of congressional interference into ‘secret wars.’ Secondly, there are often no strong incentives for the congressional oversight committees to rock the boat by interfering with an administration’s covert foreign policy.作者: 美食家 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 20:02 作者: ELUC 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 21:36
What Are Paramilitary Operations?,ivations for undertaking PMOs and the challenge of measuring the success of PMOs. It is proposed that the ultimate measure of success is the battlefield victory or defeat of proxy forces. Furthermore, it is argued that the issue of ‘blowback’ should be also considered when judging the relative success of a PMO.作者: 駕駛 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 03:07
Conducting Paramilitary Operations,rced from the ‘gray’ arms market for purposes of deniability, that U.S. personnel present in a theater usually remains very small with most personnel being contractors or mercenaries, and that unorthodox funding mechanism and financial obfuscation is used for concealing a U.S. role.作者: ectropion 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 07:57 作者: 阻止 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 11:21
Critical Loss of Control, severe difficulties for control. The chapter outlines the motivations and moral hazards for the principals and agents to demonstrate the difficulty of keeping all principals and agents working towards the same goal. Finally, the chapter discusses control strategies of principals in PMOs and their pitfalls.作者: Palatial 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 17:08 作者: CANDY 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 21:50 作者: enormous 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 01:53
New Developments,er warfare is becoming a form of proxy warfare since autonomous hacker groups and activists are needed for deniability and for getting access to a target society in an increasingly balkanized Internet. Smart weapons can change the dynamics of proxy wars and mitigate their consequences by enabling sponsors to exercise greater control over proxies.作者: endarterectomy 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 02:49
Armin Krishnanronments and determine the institutional fit of climate change adaptation responses. The framework argues that the institutional environment is comprised of rules, social structures, and organizations. It establishes the vital role of institutional arrangements in characterizing the functions and fu作者: NAV 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 08:36 作者: 赤字 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 13:06 作者: Anterior 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 15:54 作者: 能夠支付 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 20:50 作者: CHIP 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 22:54 作者: chisel 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 03:20 作者: flourish 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 09:24 作者: 蒙太奇 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 15:14
